upgrading to ruby 2.3.0 NameError: uninitialized constant I18n::Config::Backend
upgrading to ruby 2.3.0 NameError: uninitialized constant I18n::Config::Backend
我刚刚将 Ruby 2.2.2 升级到 2.3.0。每当我 运行 rake 任务时，我都会收到以下错误：
Christians-Air:my_rails_app cman77$ rake --trace
rake aborted!
NameError: uninitialized constant I18n::Config::Backend
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n/config.rb:19:in `backend'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n.rb:147:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/actionview-4.2.6/lib/action_view/helpers/translation_helper.rb:69:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n/config.rb:19:in `backend'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n.rb:147:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/actionview-4.2.6/lib/action_view/helpers/translation_helper.rb:69:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:658:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:658:in `each'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:658:in `run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:452:in `run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:453:in `load_tasks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `public_send'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `method_missing'
/Users/cman77/Dropbox/rails_projects/my_rails_app/Rakefile:9:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/rake_module.rb:28:in `load'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/rake_module.rb:28:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:689:in `raw_load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block in load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:93:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:77:in `block in run'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `load'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `<main>'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>'
有人有这方面的经验吗？我真的不知道如何开始 diagnose/remedy 这个问题。
这是我的 Rakefile 的内容：
#!/usr/bin/env rake
# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
require File.expand_path('../config/application', __FILE__)
ENV['NEWRELIC_ENABLE'] = 'false'
MyRailsApp::Application.load_tasks
这似乎是 I18n gem 中引用的违规行：
https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/blob/master/lib/i18n/config.rb#L18
更新：它似乎与我的一个 rake 文件中 include ActionView::Helpers::TranslationHelper 的使用有关。如果我删除该行，我可以 运行 rake 命令。
Update2：删除 include ActionView::Helpers::TranslationHelper 并将 (t "some_text") 替换为 (I18n.t "some_text") 完全解决了问题。我仍然会将赏金奖励给任何可以解释为什么 Ruby 升级失败的人！
我猜你遇到这个问题是因为你在 rake 任务中使用了 t 方法（控制器和视图的助手），而不是标准的 I18n.t.
这是一种不常见且非常规的方法，因此您可能陷入了 few have experienced 的倒退，它有一个简单的解决方案，就像您发现的那样：坚持惯例。
我刚刚将 Ruby 2.2.2 升级到 2.3.0。每当我 运行 rake 任务时，我都会收到以下错误：
Christians-Air:my_rails_app cman77$ rake --trace
rake aborted!
NameError: uninitialized constant I18n::Config::Backend
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n/config.rb:19:in `backend'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n.rb:147:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/actionview-4.2.6/lib/action_view/helpers/translation_helper.rb:69:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n/config.rb:19:in `backend'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/i18n-0.7.0/lib/i18n.rb:147:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/actionview-4.2.6/lib/action_view/helpers/translation_helper.rb:69:in `translate'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:658:in `block in run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:658:in `each'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:658:in `run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/application.rb:452:in `run_tasks_blocks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/engine.rb:453:in `load_tasks'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `public_send'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.6/lib/rails/railtie.rb:194:in `method_missing'
/Users/cman77/Dropbox/rails_projects/my_rails_app/Rakefile:9:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/rake_module.rb:28:in `load'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/rake_module.rb:28:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:689:in `raw_load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:94:in `block in load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:93:in `load_rakefile'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:77:in `block in run'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:176:in `standard_exception_handling'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/lib/rake/application.rb:75:in `run'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/gems/rake-11.1.2/bin/rake:33:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `load'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/rake:23:in `<main>'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `eval'
/Users/cman77/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0@jbio.3.0/bin/ruby_executable_hooks:15:in `<main>'
有人有这方面的经验吗？我真的不知道如何开始 diagnose/remedy 这个问题。
这是我的 Rakefile 的内容：
#!/usr/bin/env rake
# Add your own tasks in files placed in lib/tasks ending in .rake,
# for example lib/tasks/capistrano.rake, and they will automatically be available to Rake.
require File.expand_path('../config/application', __FILE__)
ENV['NEWRELIC_ENABLE'] = 'false'
MyRailsApp::Application.load_tasks
这似乎是 I18n gem 中引用的违规行： https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/blob/master/lib/i18n/config.rb#L18
更新：它似乎与我的一个 rake 文件中 include ActionView::Helpers::TranslationHelper 的使用有关。如果我删除该行，我可以 运行 rake 命令。
Update2：删除 include ActionView::Helpers::TranslationHelper 并将 (t "some_text") 替换为 (I18n.t "some_text") 完全解决了问题。我仍然会将赏金奖励给任何可以解释为什么 Ruby 升级失败的人！
我猜你遇到这个问题是因为你在 rake 任务中使用了 t 方法（控制器和视图的助手），而不是标准的 I18n.t.
这是一种不常见且非常规的方法，因此您可能陷入了 few have experienced 的倒退，它有一个简单的解决方案，就像您发现的那样：坚持惯例。