Spring 引导构造函数自动装配异常

Question

我的 spring 引导应用程序中有这个 classes(spring hibernate/data/jpa/web):

pkg 实体：

public interface Base {
// getter/setter methods
}

@MappedSuperclass
public abstract class AbsBase implements Base {
// common fields & getter/setter methods
}

@Entity(name = "Config")
@Table(name = "config")
public class Config extends AbsBase implements Base, Serializable {
  //additional fields & getter/setter methods
}

pkg 存储库：

@NoRepositoryBean
public interface BaseRepository<T extends Base> extends JpaRepository<T, Integer> {}

@Repository
public interface ConfigRepository extends BaseRepository<Config> {
//Queries
}

pkg 服务：

@Transactional
public interface BaseService<T extends Base> {

    @Transactional  void add(T obj);
    @Transactional  void edit(T obj);
    //Etc..
}

public abstract class AbsBaseService<T extends Base> implements BaseService<T> {

    private BaseRepository<T> repository;

    public AbsBaseService(BaseRepository<T> repository) {
        super();
        this.repository = repository;
    }

    @Override   public void add(T obj) { repository.save(obj); }
    @Override   public void edit(T obj) { repository.save(obj); }
    // Etc
}

@Service
public class ConfigService extends AbsBaseService<Config> implements BaseService<Config> {

    private ConfigRepository repository;

    @Autowired
    public ConfigService(ConfigRepository repository) {
        super(repository);
        this.repository = repository;
    }
    // Etc.
}

如果我不创建任何控制器，一切正常，但如果我创建一个控制器：

pkg 控制器：

public interface BaseController<T extends Base> { // methods }

public abstract class AbsBaseController<T extends Base> implements BaseController<T> {

    private BaseService<T> service;

    public AbsBaseController(BaseService<T> service) {
        this.service = service;
    }

@Override
@RequestMapping(value = "/Add", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String addAction(@ModelAttribute("entity") T entity, BindingResult result, Model model,
        final RedirectAttributes redirectAttributes) {

    service.add(entity, result);
    if (result.hasErrors()) {
        return addUrl;
    }
}

@Controller
public class ConfigController extends AbsBaseController<Config> implements BaseController<Config> {

    private ConfigService configService;

    @Autowired
    public ConfigController(ConfigService configService) {
        super(configService);
        this.configService = configService;
    }
}

我收到此错误（在 ConfigController 中自动装配 ConfigService 时出错）：

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'configControllerImpl' defined in file [C:\workspace-sts\prueba_boot_thymeleaf\target\classes\prueba\controller\config\ConfigControllerImpl.class]: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor argument with index 0 of type [prueba.service.config.ConfigServiceImpl]: No qualifying bean of type [prueba.service.config.ConfigServiceImpl] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [prueba.service.config.ConfigServiceImpl] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:749) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.autowireConstructor(ConstructorResolver.java:185) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireConstructor(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1143) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1046) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:510) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:772) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:839) ~[spring-context-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:538) ~[spring-context-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.refresh(EmbeddedWebApplicationContext.java:118) ~[spring-boot-1.3.3.RELEASE.jar:1.3.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:766) [spring-boot-1.3.3.RELEASE.jar:1.3.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.createAndRefreshContext(SpringApplication.java:361) [spring-boot-1.3.3.RELEASE.jar:1.3.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:307) [spring-boot-1.3.3.RELEASE.jar:1.3.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1191) [spring-boot-1.3.3.RELEASE.jar:1.3.3.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1180) [spring-boot-1.3.3.RELEASE.jar:1.3.3.RELEASE]
    at prueba.BootThymeleafApplication.main(BootThymeleafApplication.java:12) [classes/:na]
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [prueba.service.config.ConfigServiceImpl] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1373) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1119) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:813) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:741) ~[spring-beans-4.2.5.RELEASE.jar:4.2.5.RELEASE]
    ... 19 common frames omitted

第一个问题是：我已经在 BaseService 接口及其方法上标注了@Transaction。这是正确的？在 AbsBaseService 中更好 class?

我看到 configService 构造函数在 Exception 之前执行。为什么不自动装配？

更新

我需要构造函数@Autowired，因为我在abstract/superclass泛型service/controller.

中实现了常用方法

继承树： AbsBaseXXXX --> AbsBaseCodeNameXXXX --> AbsBaseCodeNamePeriodXXXX

Config 从 AbsBase 扩展并实现了 Base。 ConfigService 扩展自 AbsBaseService<> 并实现 BaseService<>（使用 ConfigRepository） ConfigController 扩展自 AbsBaseController<> 并实现 BaseController<>（使用 ConfigService）

我有通用方法实现的通用抽象 classes：实体接口：基础、基础代码名称、基础代码名称周期....

抽象通用实体class： AbsBase、AbsBaseCodeName、AbsBaseCodeNamePeriod....
通用接口： BaseRepository, BaseCodeNameRepository, BaseCodeNamePeriodRepository,...
抽象通用服务（即他们需要相应的通用存储库）： AbsBaseService、AbsBaseCodeNameService、AbsBaseCodeNamePeriodService、...
抽象泛型控制器（需要相应的泛型服务）： AbsBaseController 等...

Answer 1

首先，你们中的大部分代码都可以简化，至少可以测试它是否运行良好：

@Transactional
public interface BaseService<T extends Base> {

    void add(T obj); // No need to repeat @Transactional here, unless you want to override default behaviour (says, read_only, for instance)
    void edit(T obj);
    //Etc..
}

// Not much use of an Abstract class here, all methods are exposed in the interface already

@Service
public class ConfigService implements BaseService<Config> {

    // Autowire the field directly. Constructor not needed anymore in this case
    @Autowired
    private ConfigRepository repository;
    // Etc.
}

控制器将遵循与服务相同的准则。

现在应该可以正常工作了。如果没有，您需要使用完整的堆栈跟踪（或至少是最后一个 caused by 块，这是真正有意义的块）来更新您的问题。

Answer 2

解决方法：

创建服务接口： IConfigService 扩展 BaseService

更改服务class： ConfigService 扩展 AbsBaseService 实现 IConfigService

在 ControllerConfig 中将 ConfigService 替换为 IConfigService

如果我使用接口工作但如果我使用 class 不工作。我不明白为什么，但它有效。

Answer 3

根据 https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B4DUWMYsjWtdVVRibDFZOVhac2s 上发布的代码，我现在很清楚您要实现的目标。

您想创建一个 classes（例如服务）的层次结构，在每个级别定义一些功能。例如：

RepoA 定义了一个 methodA 方法。
RepoB 扩展 RepoA 和定义了一个 methodB 方法。
ServiceA 使用 RepoA class 来公开此方法
ServiceB 扩展 ServiceA 并公开其方法和 ServiceA 方法
等等...

调试您的应用程序时，我发现 Spring 在调用此代码时尝试创建一个新的 AccountService bean，而不是使用现有 bean：

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/Account")
public class AccountController extends AbsBaseDataController<Account> {

    private AccountService service;

    @Autowired
    public AccountController(AccountService service) {
        super(service);
        this.service = service;
        System.out.println("AccountController-CONSTRUCTOR");
    }
}

这是因为您直接使用 AccountService class，而不是接口。这就是这里的重点，因为 Spring 围绕您的 classes 创建了一个代理，以便能够在它们上使用 AOP。所以当涉及到自动装配时，classes 不匹配（你认为你的 class 的一个实例被注入，但实际上这是一个 com.sun.proxy.Proxy）。

因为那些 Java 代理实现了你的 classes 的接口，你应该为你的 AccountService（比如 IAccountService）创建一个接口，并使用它而不是AccountController class' 构造函数中的原始 AccountService class：

界面

public interface IAccountService extends BaseDataService<Account> {
}

控制器

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/Account")
public class AccountController extends AbsBaseDataController<Account> {

    private IAccountService service;

    @Autowired
    public AccountController(IAccountService service) {
        super(service);
        this.service = service;
        System.out.println("AccountController-CONSTRUCTOR");
    }
}

服务class

@Service
public class AccountService extends AbsBaseDataService<Account> implements IAccountService {
[...]
}

Spring 引导构造函数自动装配异常

Spring boot Constructor Autowired Exception

spring

constructor

autowired

spring-boot

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