bash 文件通配异常

Question

bash 手册（我在 OSX 上使用 4.3.42 版）指出竖线“|”字符在文件通配中用作多个文件模式的分隔符。因此，以下内容应该适用于我的系统：

projectFiles=./config/**/*|./support/**/*

但是，第二个模式在该目录结构中的最后一个文件上给出了 "Permission denied"，因此该模式永远不会解析为 projectFiles。我已经尝试过对此的变体，包括将模式包装在括号中，

projectFiles=(./config/**/*)|(./support/**/*)

手册中有规定，但也没用。

对我做错了什么有什么建议吗？

Answer 1

您可能指的是 man bash 中的这一部分：

   If the extglob shell option is enabled using the shopt builtin, several
   extended pattern matching operators are recognized.  In  the  following
   description, a pattern-list is a list of one or more patterns separated
   by a |.  Composite patterns may be formed using one or more of the fol-
   lowing sub-patterns:

          ?(pattern-list)
                 Matches zero or one occurrence of the given patterns
          *(pattern-list)
                 Matches zero or more occurrences of the given patterns
          +(pattern-list)
                 Matches one or more occurrences of the given patterns
          @(pattern-list)
                 Matches one of the given patterns
          !(pattern-list)
                 Matches anything except one of the given patterns

| 分隔符如前所述在模式列表中起作用，但仅当启用 extglob 时：

shopt -s extglob

试试这个：

projectFiles=*(./config/**/*|./support/**/*)

正如 @BroSlow 在评论中指出的那样：

Note that you can do this without extglob, ./{config,support}/**/*, which would just expand to the path with config and the path with support space delimited and then do pattern matching. Or ./@(config|support)/**/* with extglob. Either of which seems cleaner.

@chepner的评论也值得一提：

Also, globbing isn't performed at all during a simple assignment; try foo=*, then compare echo "$foo" with echo $foo. Globbing does occur during array assignment; see foo=(*); echo "${foo[@]}"

bash 文件通配异常

bash file globbing anomaly

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