C# - WPF 从代码隐藏访问 DataTemplate 中的元素
C# - WPF Access elements in a DataTemplate from code behind
我尝试在 WPF 中创建纸牌游戏。
我的问题是我想在特定时间翻转卡片。
我在数据模板中创建了两个情节提要，每次翻转一个（前后）。但是当我尝试从后面的代码访问并启动它时出现错误，因为它无法访问数据模板内包含新卡片图像的网格。
所以我的问题是，如何从后面的代码访问数据模板内的网格，以获取故事板 运行?
这是我的代码：
XAML:
<Window x:Class="KartenQuartett.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:KartenQuartett"
mc:Ignorable="d"
ResizeMode="NoResize"
Title="{Binding Title}" Height="510" Width="670" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen">
<Window.Resources>
<DataTemplate x:Key="RotatingItemTemplate">
<DataTemplate.Resources>
<Storyboard x:Key="Storyboard1">
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(FrameworkElement.LayoutTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1"/>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="-1">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid1">
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="0"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="image">
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
<Storyboard x:Key="Storyboard1_reversed">
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(FrameworkElement.LayoutTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-1"/>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="1">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid1">
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="0"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="image">
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="1"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
</DataTemplate.Resources>
<Grid x:Name="grid">
<Grid.LayoutTransform>
<TransformGroup>
<ScaleTransform CenterX="0.5" CenterY="0.5"/>
<SkewTransform CenterX="0.5" CenterY="0.5"/>
<RotateTransform CenterX="0.5" CenterY="0.5"/>
<TranslateTransform/>
</TransformGroup>
</Grid.LayoutTransform>
<Grid x:Name="grid1">
<Image x:Name="image1" Source="{Binding ImageFront}" Stretch="Fill" />
<Grid.LayoutTransform>
<TransformGroup>
<ScaleTransform ScaleX="-1"/>
<SkewTransform/>
<RotateTransform/>
<TranslateTransform/>
</TransformGroup>
</Grid.LayoutTransform>
</Grid>
<Image x:Name="image" Source="{Binding Image}" Stretch="Fill" />
<Button x:Name="Bdrehen" Content="Drehen" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="119,407,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="Bdrehen_Click"/>
</Grid>
<DataTemplate.Triggers>
<EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Button.Click" SourceName="Bdrehen">
<BeginStoryboard x:Name="Storyboard1_BeginStoryboard1" Storyboard="{StaticResource Storyboard1}"/>
</EventTrigger>
<EventTrigger RoutedEvent="UIElement.MouseLeftButtonDown" SourceName="grid1">
<StopStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="Storyboard1_BeginStoryboard1"/>
<BeginStoryboard x:Name="Storyboard1_reversed_BeginStoryboard" Storyboard="{StaticResource Storyboard1_reversed}"/>
</EventTrigger>
</DataTemplate.Triggers>
</DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width=".5*"></ColumnDefinition>
<ColumnDefinition Width=".5*"></ColumnDefinition>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid Grid.Column="0" x:Name="gridOne">
<Image x:Name="cardFront" Source="Bilder/card_front.png" Stretch="Fill">
</Image>
<StackPanel x:Name="stack1" Margin="25">
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
<Grid Grid.Column="1" x:Name="gridTwo">
<ScrollViewer ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled" >
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding MyImages}"
ItemsPanel="{DynamicResource ItemsPanelTemplate1}"
ItemTemplate="{DynamicResource RotatingItemTemplate}">
<ItemsControl.Resources>
<ItemsPanelTemplate x:Key="ItemsPanelTemplate1">
<VirtualizingStackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" IsItemsHost="True"/>
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</ItemsControl.Resources>
</ItemsControl>
</ScrollViewer>
<StackPanel x:Name="stack2" Margin="25">
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Grid>
所以"grid"和"grid1"是不能访问的元素
为了测试，我创建了一个按钮 "Bdrehen" 来检查我是否可以通过按钮访问翻盖。这很完美，它也可以通过用鼠标左键单击它来工作。但不是通过代码。
这是代码，我尝试从后面的代码开始：
DataTemplate dt = (DataTemplate)FindResource("RotatingItemTemplate");
Storyboard sb = dt.Resources["Storyboard1_reversed"] as Storyboard;
BeginStoryboard(sb);
启动后出现错误，无法在 "KartenQuartett.MainWindow" 的命名空间中找到 "grid"。
我可以在数据模板中找到我的故事板，但找不到我的网格。
有人有解决办法吗？
这是你的答案Calling Storyboard inside DataTemplate。
但请记住，这样做并不是一个好主意。从后面的代码访问任何 UI 元素不是一个好主意，因为它会在您的代码和 UI.
之间创建紧密耦合
我建议你使用 MVVM instead, and to bind a boolean to run your storyboard as explained here: How to play Storyboard in ViewModel?
我尝试在 WPF 中创建纸牌游戏。 我的问题是我想在特定时间翻转卡片。 我在数据模板中创建了两个情节提要，每次翻转一个（前后）。但是当我尝试从后面的代码访问并启动它时出现错误，因为它无法访问数据模板内包含新卡片图像的网格。 所以我的问题是，如何从后面的代码访问数据模板内的网格，以获取故事板 运行?
这是我的代码：
XAML:
<Window x:Class="KartenQuartett.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:KartenQuartett"
mc:Ignorable="d"
ResizeMode="NoResize"
Title="{Binding Title}" Height="510" Width="670" WindowStartupLocation="CenterScreen">
<Window.Resources>
<DataTemplate x:Key="RotatingItemTemplate">
<DataTemplate.Resources>
<Storyboard x:Key="Storyboard1">
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(FrameworkElement.LayoutTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1"/>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="-1">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid1">
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="0"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="image">
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="1"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
<Storyboard x:Key="Storyboard1_reversed">
<DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(FrameworkElement.LayoutTransform).(TransformGroup.Children)[0].(ScaleTransform.ScaleX)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid">
<SplineDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0" Value="-1"/>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="1">
<EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
<QuinticEase EasingMode="EaseInOut"/>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame.EasingFunction>
</EasingDoubleKeyFrame>
</DoubleAnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="grid1">
<EasingInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="0"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
<Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames Storyboard.TargetProperty="(Panel.ZIndex)" Storyboard.TargetName="image">
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="0"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:0.5" Value="1"/>
<SplineInt32KeyFrame KeyTime="0:0:1" Value="1"/>
</Int32AnimationUsingKeyFrames>
</Storyboard>
</DataTemplate.Resources>
<Grid x:Name="grid">
<Grid.LayoutTransform>
<TransformGroup>
<ScaleTransform CenterX="0.5" CenterY="0.5"/>
<SkewTransform CenterX="0.5" CenterY="0.5"/>
<RotateTransform CenterX="0.5" CenterY="0.5"/>
<TranslateTransform/>
</TransformGroup>
</Grid.LayoutTransform>
<Grid x:Name="grid1">
<Image x:Name="image1" Source="{Binding ImageFront}" Stretch="Fill" />
<Grid.LayoutTransform>
<TransformGroup>
<ScaleTransform ScaleX="-1"/>
<SkewTransform/>
<RotateTransform/>
<TranslateTransform/>
</TransformGroup>
</Grid.LayoutTransform>
</Grid>
<Image x:Name="image" Source="{Binding Image}" Stretch="Fill" />
<Button x:Name="Bdrehen" Content="Drehen" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="119,407,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="Bdrehen_Click"/>
</Grid>
<DataTemplate.Triggers>
<EventTrigger RoutedEvent="Button.Click" SourceName="Bdrehen">
<BeginStoryboard x:Name="Storyboard1_BeginStoryboard1" Storyboard="{StaticResource Storyboard1}"/>
</EventTrigger>
<EventTrigger RoutedEvent="UIElement.MouseLeftButtonDown" SourceName="grid1">
<StopStoryboard BeginStoryboardName="Storyboard1_BeginStoryboard1"/>
<BeginStoryboard x:Name="Storyboard1_reversed_BeginStoryboard" Storyboard="{StaticResource Storyboard1_reversed}"/>
</EventTrigger>
</DataTemplate.Triggers>
</DataTemplate>
</Window.Resources>
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width=".5*"></ColumnDefinition>
<ColumnDefinition Width=".5*"></ColumnDefinition>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<Grid Grid.Column="0" x:Name="gridOne">
<Image x:Name="cardFront" Source="Bilder/card_front.png" Stretch="Fill">
</Image>
<StackPanel x:Name="stack1" Margin="25">
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
<Grid Grid.Column="1" x:Name="gridTwo">
<ScrollViewer ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Disabled" >
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding MyImages}"
ItemsPanel="{DynamicResource ItemsPanelTemplate1}"
ItemTemplate="{DynamicResource RotatingItemTemplate}">
<ItemsControl.Resources>
<ItemsPanelTemplate x:Key="ItemsPanelTemplate1">
<VirtualizingStackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" IsItemsHost="True"/>
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</ItemsControl.Resources>
</ItemsControl>
</ScrollViewer>
<StackPanel x:Name="stack2" Margin="25">
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Grid>
所以"grid"和"grid1"是不能访问的元素
为了测试，我创建了一个按钮 "Bdrehen" 来检查我是否可以通过按钮访问翻盖。这很完美，它也可以通过用鼠标左键单击它来工作。但不是通过代码。
这是代码，我尝试从后面的代码开始：
DataTemplate dt = (DataTemplate)FindResource("RotatingItemTemplate");
Storyboard sb = dt.Resources["Storyboard1_reversed"] as Storyboard;
BeginStoryboard(sb);
启动后出现错误，无法在 "KartenQuartett.MainWindow" 的命名空间中找到 "grid"。 我可以在数据模板中找到我的故事板，但找不到我的网格。
有人有解决办法吗？
这是你的答案Calling Storyboard inside DataTemplate。
但请记住，这样做并不是一个好主意。从后面的代码访问任何 UI 元素不是一个好主意，因为它会在您的代码和 UI.
之间创建紧密耦合我建议你使用 MVVM instead, and to bind a boolean to run your storyboard as explained here: How to play Storyboard in ViewModel?