如何将 JSON 从文件加载到 SQL Server 2016？
How to load JSON from file into SQL Server 2016?
我正在尝试将数据从 JSON 格式移动到 SQl 服务器。我使用 SQL Server 2016，因为此版本支持使用 OPENROWSET 导入 JSON 数据。
我正在使用以下内容来 query/import 数据，但我需要一些帮助来解析内容。下面是我的查询和我试图移动到数据库的 JSON 示例文件。
查询
SELECT value
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn)
对于上述内容，我在 2 行中得到结果，其中第一行是一些我不需要的信息。我想知道，我怎么才能 select 我的第二行。
这是 JSON 文件
{
"meta": {
"disclaimer": "Do not rely on openFDA to make decisions regarding medical care. While we make every effort to ensure that data is accurate, you should assume all results are unvalidated. We may limit or otherwise restrict your access to the API in line with our Terms of Service.",
"terms": "https://open.fda.gov/terms/",
"license": "https://open.fda.gov/license/",
"last_updated": "2016-05-28",
"results": {
"skip": 0,
"limit": 1,
"total": 1540390
}
},
"results": [
{
"manufacturer_contact_zip_ext": "",
"manufacturer_g1_address_2": "",
"event_location": "",
"report_to_fda": "Y",
"manufacturer_contact_t_name": "",
"manufacturer_contact_state": "",
"manufacturer_link_flag": "Y",
"manufacturer_g1_city": "ZUG",
"manufacturer_contact_address_2": "",
"event_type": "Malfunction",
"manufacturer_contact_pcity": "",
"manufacturer_contact_address_1": "GUBELSTRASSE 34",
"report_number": "3008382007-2012-09245",
"type_of_report": [
"Initial submission"
],
"product_problem_flag": "Y",
"date_received": "20130101",
"manufacturer_address_2": "",
"reprocessed_and_reused_flag": "N",
"manufacturer_address_1": "",
"manufacturer_contact_zip_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_contact_plocal": "",
"reporter_occupation_code": "PATIENT",
"manufacturer_contact_l_name": "WANDOLSKI",
"source_type": [
"Consumer"
],
"distributor_zip_code_ext": "",
"manufacturer_g1_postal_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_g1_state": "",
"date_facility_aware": "20121210",
"manufacturer_contact_area_code": "",
"manufacturer_contact_f_name": "YANNICK",
"previous_use_code": "I",
"device": [
{
"manufacturer_d_address_1": "GUBELSTRASSE 34",
"manufacturer_d_address_2": "",
"device_event_key": "",
"device_sequence_number": " 1.0",
"manufacturer_d_state": "",
"manufacturer_d_zip_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_d_city": "ZUG",
"lot_number": "3180296",
"manufacturer_d_postal_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_d_zip_code_ext": "",
"model_number": "",
"date_received": "20130101",
"device_report_product_code": "NBW",
"device_operator": "LAY USER/PATIENT",
"device_availability": "No",
"other_id_number": "",
"generic_name": "GLUCOSE MONITORING SYS/KIT",
"manufacturer_d_name": "LIFESCAN EUROPE, A DIVISION OF CILAG GMBH INTL",
"manufacturer_d_country": "SZ",
"brand_name": "OT ULTRALINK METER",
"openfda": {
"device_name": "System, Test, Blood Glucose, Over The Counter",
"medical_specialty_description": "Clinical Chemistry",
"device_class": "2",
"regulation_number": "862.1345"
},
"device_age_text": "",
"device_evaluated_by_manufacturer": "R",
"catalog_number": "",
"implant_flag": "",
"date_removed_flag": ""
}
],
"manufacturer_zip_code": "",
"manufacturer_contact_country": "SZ",
"health_professional": "N",
"manufacturer_g1_zip_code_ext": "",
"manufacturer_city": "",
"manufacturer_contact_extension": "",
"manufacturer_contact_phone_number": "",
"patient": [
{
"sequence_number_treatment": [
""
],
"patient_sequence_number": "1",
"date_received": "20130101",
"sequence_number_outcome": [
""
]
}
],
"distributor_city": "",
"distributor_state": "",
"date_report": "20121210",
"initial_report_to_fda": "Unknown",
"manufacturer_g1_country": "SZ",
"event_key": "",
"manufacturer_contact_city": "ZUG",
"mdr_report_key": "2891923",
"removal_correction_number": "",
"number_devices_in_event": "",
"date_manufacturer_received": "20121210",
"manufacturer_name": "",
"report_source_code": "Manufacturer report",
"remedial_action": [
""
],
"manufacturer_g1_zip_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_zip_code_ext": "",
"report_to_manufacturer": "",
"manufacturer_g1_name": "LIFESCAN EUROPE, A DIVISION OF CILAG GMBH INTL",
"distributor_address_1": "",
"adverse_event_flag": "N",
"manufacturer_state": "",
"distributor_address_2": "",
"manufacturer_postal_code": "",
"manufacturer_country": "",
"single_use_flag": "N",
"mdr_text": [
{
"mdr_text_key": "16750885",
"text_type_code": "Description of Event or Problem",
"patient_sequence_number": "1",
"text": "ON (B)(6) 2012, THE LAY USER/ PATIENT CONTACTED LIFESCAN (LFS) IN USA ALLEGING AN ER 2 ISSUE. THE PATIENT DID NOT ALLEGE ANY HARM OR INJURY DUE TO THE ALLEGED ISSUE. THE ALLEGED ISSUE WAS NOT RESOLVED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING. BASED ON THE INFORMATION PROVIDED, THERE IS NO INDICATION THAT THE REPORTED ISSUE CAUSED OR CONTRIBUTED TO A SERIOUS INJURY. THE PATIENT DID NOT DEVELOP SYMPTOMS SUGGESTIVE OF SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIA OR HYPERGLYCEMIA, NOR RECEIVE MEDICAL INTERVENTION FOR EITHER OF THESE CONDITIONS. HOWEVER, THIS COMPLAINT IS BEING REPORTED BECAUSE THE ALLEGED PRODUCT ISSUE REMAINED UNRESOLVED."
}
],
"number_patients_in_event": "",
"distributor_name": "",
"manufacturer_g1_address_1": "GUBELSTRASSE 34",
"distributor_zip_code": "",
"manufacturer_contact_exchange": "",
"manufacturer_contact_postal_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_contact_pcountry": ""
}
]
}
当您说 "second row" 时，我假设您需要 "results" 对象中的数据。 OPENJSON returns 在输入中找到的每个 key:value 对一行（仅在输入对象的第一级）。在您的情况下，您有两个对象，一个在 "meta" 键下，另一个在 "results" 键下。
您可以使用 [key] 列过滤第二行：
SELECT value
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn)
WHERE [key] = 'results'
或者您可以在路径 $.result 中搜索 JSON 并获取此对象内的所有节点：
SELECT value
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn, '$.results')
也许您还可以查看 OPENJSON WITH 模式，它可以帮助您将 JSON 对象中的节点转换为单元格，例如：
SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn, '$.results')
WITH (report_number nvarchar(400), date_received nvarchar(400),device nvarchar(max) AS JSON)
如果将 NVARCHAR(MAX) AS JSON 指定为 return 类型，则可以提取 JSON 片段（例如示例中的设备数组）。
如果您需要来自内部数组（例如设备）的一些信息，您可以使用第二个 OPENJSON 打开 JSON 数组并从内部 table 获取信息，例如：
SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn, '$.results')
WITH (report_number nvarchar(400), date_received nvarchar(400),device nvarchar(max) AS JSON)
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(device) WITH (lot_number int)
我正在尝试将数据从 JSON 格式移动到 SQl 服务器。我使用 SQL Server 2016，因为此版本支持使用 OPENROWSET 导入 JSON 数据。
我正在使用以下内容来 query/import 数据，但我需要一些帮助来解析内容。下面是我的查询和我试图移动到数据库的 JSON 示例文件。
查询
SELECT value
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn)
对于上述内容，我在 2 行中得到结果，其中第一行是一些我不需要的信息。我想知道，我怎么才能 select 我的第二行。
这是 JSON 文件
{
"meta": {
"disclaimer": "Do not rely on openFDA to make decisions regarding medical care. While we make every effort to ensure that data is accurate, you should assume all results are unvalidated. We may limit or otherwise restrict your access to the API in line with our Terms of Service.",
"terms": "https://open.fda.gov/terms/",
"license": "https://open.fda.gov/license/",
"last_updated": "2016-05-28",
"results": {
"skip": 0,
"limit": 1,
"total": 1540390
}
},
"results": [
{
"manufacturer_contact_zip_ext": "",
"manufacturer_g1_address_2": "",
"event_location": "",
"report_to_fda": "Y",
"manufacturer_contact_t_name": "",
"manufacturer_contact_state": "",
"manufacturer_link_flag": "Y",
"manufacturer_g1_city": "ZUG",
"manufacturer_contact_address_2": "",
"event_type": "Malfunction",
"manufacturer_contact_pcity": "",
"manufacturer_contact_address_1": "GUBELSTRASSE 34",
"report_number": "3008382007-2012-09245",
"type_of_report": [
"Initial submission"
],
"product_problem_flag": "Y",
"date_received": "20130101",
"manufacturer_address_2": "",
"reprocessed_and_reused_flag": "N",
"manufacturer_address_1": "",
"manufacturer_contact_zip_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_contact_plocal": "",
"reporter_occupation_code": "PATIENT",
"manufacturer_contact_l_name": "WANDOLSKI",
"source_type": [
"Consumer"
],
"distributor_zip_code_ext": "",
"manufacturer_g1_postal_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_g1_state": "",
"date_facility_aware": "20121210",
"manufacturer_contact_area_code": "",
"manufacturer_contact_f_name": "YANNICK",
"previous_use_code": "I",
"device": [
{
"manufacturer_d_address_1": "GUBELSTRASSE 34",
"manufacturer_d_address_2": "",
"device_event_key": "",
"device_sequence_number": " 1.0",
"manufacturer_d_state": "",
"manufacturer_d_zip_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_d_city": "ZUG",
"lot_number": "3180296",
"manufacturer_d_postal_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_d_zip_code_ext": "",
"model_number": "",
"date_received": "20130101",
"device_report_product_code": "NBW",
"device_operator": "LAY USER/PATIENT",
"device_availability": "No",
"other_id_number": "",
"generic_name": "GLUCOSE MONITORING SYS/KIT",
"manufacturer_d_name": "LIFESCAN EUROPE, A DIVISION OF CILAG GMBH INTL",
"manufacturer_d_country": "SZ",
"brand_name": "OT ULTRALINK METER",
"openfda": {
"device_name": "System, Test, Blood Glucose, Over The Counter",
"medical_specialty_description": "Clinical Chemistry",
"device_class": "2",
"regulation_number": "862.1345"
},
"device_age_text": "",
"device_evaluated_by_manufacturer": "R",
"catalog_number": "",
"implant_flag": "",
"date_removed_flag": ""
}
],
"manufacturer_zip_code": "",
"manufacturer_contact_country": "SZ",
"health_professional": "N",
"manufacturer_g1_zip_code_ext": "",
"manufacturer_city": "",
"manufacturer_contact_extension": "",
"manufacturer_contact_phone_number": "",
"patient": [
{
"sequence_number_treatment": [
""
],
"patient_sequence_number": "1",
"date_received": "20130101",
"sequence_number_outcome": [
""
]
}
],
"distributor_city": "",
"distributor_state": "",
"date_report": "20121210",
"initial_report_to_fda": "Unknown",
"manufacturer_g1_country": "SZ",
"event_key": "",
"manufacturer_contact_city": "ZUG",
"mdr_report_key": "2891923",
"removal_correction_number": "",
"number_devices_in_event": "",
"date_manufacturer_received": "20121210",
"manufacturer_name": "",
"report_source_code": "Manufacturer report",
"remedial_action": [
""
],
"manufacturer_g1_zip_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_zip_code_ext": "",
"report_to_manufacturer": "",
"manufacturer_g1_name": "LIFESCAN EUROPE, A DIVISION OF CILAG GMBH INTL",
"distributor_address_1": "",
"adverse_event_flag": "N",
"manufacturer_state": "",
"distributor_address_2": "",
"manufacturer_postal_code": "",
"manufacturer_country": "",
"single_use_flag": "N",
"mdr_text": [
{
"mdr_text_key": "16750885",
"text_type_code": "Description of Event or Problem",
"patient_sequence_number": "1",
"text": "ON (B)(6) 2012, THE LAY USER/ PATIENT CONTACTED LIFESCAN (LFS) IN USA ALLEGING AN ER 2 ISSUE. THE PATIENT DID NOT ALLEGE ANY HARM OR INJURY DUE TO THE ALLEGED ISSUE. THE ALLEGED ISSUE WAS NOT RESOLVED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING. BASED ON THE INFORMATION PROVIDED, THERE IS NO INDICATION THAT THE REPORTED ISSUE CAUSED OR CONTRIBUTED TO A SERIOUS INJURY. THE PATIENT DID NOT DEVELOP SYMPTOMS SUGGESTIVE OF SEVERE HYPOGLYCEMIA OR HYPERGLYCEMIA, NOR RECEIVE MEDICAL INTERVENTION FOR EITHER OF THESE CONDITIONS. HOWEVER, THIS COMPLAINT IS BEING REPORTED BECAUSE THE ALLEGED PRODUCT ISSUE REMAINED UNRESOLVED."
}
],
"number_patients_in_event": "",
"distributor_name": "",
"manufacturer_g1_address_1": "GUBELSTRASSE 34",
"distributor_zip_code": "",
"manufacturer_contact_exchange": "",
"manufacturer_contact_postal_code": "6300",
"manufacturer_contact_pcountry": ""
}
]
}
当您说 "second row" 时，我假设您需要 "results" 对象中的数据。 OPENJSON returns 在输入中找到的每个 key:value 对一行（仅在输入对象的第一级）。在您的情况下，您有两个对象，一个在 "meta" 键下，另一个在 "results" 键下。
您可以使用 [key] 列过滤第二行：
SELECT value
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn)
WHERE [key] = 'results'
或者您可以在路径 $.result 中搜索 JSON 并获取此对象内的所有节点：
SELECT value
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn, '$.results')
也许您还可以查看 OPENJSON WITH 模式，它可以帮助您将 JSON 对象中的节点转换为单元格，例如：
SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn, '$.results')
WITH (report_number nvarchar(400), date_received nvarchar(400),device nvarchar(max) AS JSON)
如果将 NVARCHAR(MAX) AS JSON 指定为 return 类型，则可以提取 JSON 片段（例如示例中的设备数组）。 如果您需要来自内部数组（例如设备）的一些信息，您可以使用第二个 OPENJSON 打开 JSON 数组并从内部 table 获取信息，例如：
SELECT *
FROM OPENROWSET (BULK 'C:\temp\temp.json', SINGLE_CLOB) as j
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(BulkColumn, '$.results')
WITH (report_number nvarchar(400), date_received nvarchar(400),device nvarchar(max) AS JSON)
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(device) WITH (lot_number int)