matplotlib imshow 为每种颜色添加标签并将它们放入图例中

matplot imshow add label to each color and put them in legend

我想在 matplotlib

中显示如下图(从 here 复制)

但是我想给每种颜色贴上标签,然后把它们放在旁边的图例上,请问有什么办法吗?

我想只有在矩阵中的所有值不多的情况下才有意义。因此,假设您的矩阵中有 8 个不同的值。然后我们可以为他们每个人创建一个各自颜色的代理艺术家,并将他们放入这样的图例中

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as mpatches
import numpy as np

# create some data
data = np.random.randint(0, 8, (5,5))
# get the unique values from data
# i.e. a sorted list of all values in data
values = np.unique(data.ravel())

plt.figure(figsize=(8,4))
im = plt.imshow(data, interpolation='none')

# get the colors of the values, according to the 
# colormap used by imshow
colors = [ im.cmap(im.norm(value)) for value in values]
# create a patch (proxy artist) for every color 
patches = [ mpatches.Patch(color=colors[i], label="Level {l}".format(l=values[i]) ) for i in range(len(values)) ]
# put those patched as legend-handles into the legend
plt.legend(handles=patches, bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 1), loc=2, borderaxespad=0. )

plt.grid(True)
plt.show()