NoClassDefFoundError when 运行 application on linux (but not on mac)

Question

我创建了一个应用程序，用于自动下载天气数据并将这些特定位置的数据添加到数据库中。此应用程序在 IntelliJ

中按预期工作

现在我想运行这个应用程序作为一个独立的应用程序。因此，我使用 Maven 创建了一个 jar。该 jar 是一个没有所有依赖项的 "lean" jar。依赖项输出到目录 lib。 Maven 插件配置为：

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                        <mainClass>nl.wur.fbr.data.weather.WeatherData</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
                <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/WeatherData</outputDirectory>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <phase>install</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                    </goals>
                    <configuration>
                        <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/WeatherData/lib</outputDirectory>
                        <overWriteReleases>true</overWriteReleases>
                        <overWriteSnapshots>true</overWriteSnapshots>
                        <overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
                    </configuration>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>

类路径添加到清单（我已经检查过）并且所有依赖项都输出到 lib 目录。

当我在 Mac（Java 版本 1.8.0）上运行这个应用程序时，一切正常。但是当我运行它在 linux 服务器上时（在压缩和解压缩以及运行ning Java 1.8.0 之后），我得到以下错误：

$ java -jar weatherData-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar 
Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: nl/wur/fbr/om/factory/InstanceFactory
    at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
    at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)
    at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.validateMainClass(LauncherHelper.java:544)
    at sun.launcher.LauncherHelper.checkAndLoadMain(LauncherHelper.java:526)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: nl.wur.fbr.om.factory.InstanceFactory
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 7 more

通常是类路径问题，但为什么它在 macosx 和 linux 上表现不同？主 jar 文件（带有包含类路径的清单）和 lib 目录都是相同的。

Answer 1

I am not sure what is exactly causing this issue but below steps might help to narrow down the path. 

Step 1 : Verify the class file nl.wur.fbr.om.factory.InstanceFactory  present inside jar

Step 2: Verify MANIFEST.MF file and check for the following entries -
ex: Main-Class: nl.wur.fbr.data.weather.WeatherData
Class-Path: 
  ../config/
  classes12.jar
  bc4jct.jar
  bc4jdomorcl.jar
  bc4jmt.jar
  commons-beanutils-bean-collections.jar
  commons-beanutils-core.jar

 Step 3 : Verify the jar entry is present in Class-Path

 Step 4:  If the issue still persists, try running with java -classpath option.

NoClassDefFoundError when 运行 application on linux (but not on mac)

NoClassDefFoundError when running application on linux (but not on mac)

java

linux

macos

maven

classnotfoundexception