Scala subclass 对象到 super class 对象赋值

Scala subclass object to super class object assignment

考察Scala继承我运行陷入误区
代码是:

sealed trait List[+A] // `List` data type, parameterized on a type, `A`
case object Nil extends List[Nothing] // A `List` data constructor representing the empty list
case class Cons[+A](head: A, tail: List[A]) extends List[A]

object List { // `List` companion object. Contains functions for creating and working with lists.
  def sum(ints: List[Int]): Int = ints match { // A function that uses pattern matching to add up a list of integers
    case Nil => 0 // The sum of the empty list is 0.
    case Cons(x,xs) => x + sum(xs) // The sum of a list starting with `x` is `x` plus the sum of the rest of the list.
  }

  def product(ds: List[Double]): Double = ds match {
    case Nil => 1.0
    case Cons(0.0, _) => 0.0
    case Cons(x,xs) => x * product(xs)
  }

  def apply[A](as: A*): List[A] = // Variadic function syntax
    if (as.isEmpty) Nil
    else Cons(as.head, apply(as.tail: _*))
}

val l1 = List(1.0, 2.0, 3.0)
println(product(l1))

据我了解List[+A]Cons[+A]之间的关系是List[+A]是超级"class",Cons[+A]是次class List[+A] 个。

l1Con[+A].
的实例 l1 被传递给 product 方法,其中输入参数 ds 的类型 List 对其子 class Cons 一无所知。

所以问题是如何解释子class对象到超级class对象的赋值?

Cons 中的其他方法在您将其分配给 List 类型变量时简单地隐藏起来。所有 Animal 都可以移动(大概),但是 Cow 其中 extends Animal 也会产生牛奶。如果将Cow类型的对象赋值给Animal类型的变量,则只能调用.move,不能调用.give_milk。不过里面还是Cow