使用 PowerShell 解析 XML：获取具有属性的元素的值

Question

我有一个 XML 文件，其中包含带属性的元素。我希望能够读取属性值和元素值。虽然我可以获得属性值，但当我尝试读取元素值时，它只是 returns 标签名称，而不是值。

XML 文件 C:\Temp\books2.xml:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
   <book id="bk101">
      <author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
      <title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
      <genre>Computer</genre>
      <price>44.95</price>
      <publish_date inprint="false">2000-10-01</publish_date>
      <description>An in-depth look at creating applications 
      with XML.</description>
   </book>
   <book id="bk102">
      <author>Ralls, Kim</author>
      <title>Midnight Rain</title>
      <genre>Fantasy</genre>
      <price>5.95</price>
      <publish_date inprint="true">2000-12-16</publish_date>
      <description>A former architect battles corporate zombies, 
      an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen 
      of the world.</description>
   </book>
   <book id="bk103">
      <author>Corets, Eva</author>
      <title>Maeve Ascendant</title>
      <genre>Fantasy</genre>
      <price>5.95</price>
      <publish_date inprint="false">2000-11-17</publish_date>
      <description>After the collapse of a nanotechnology 
      society in England, the young survivors lay the 
      foundation for a new society.</description>
   </book>
</catalog>

我尝试过的：

$xmlDoc = new-object -TypeName xml
$filePath = "C:\Temp\Books2.xml"
$xmlDoc.Load($filePath)
$xmlDoc.catalog.book | select author, title, publish_date, `
    {$_.publish_date}, {$_.publish_date.inprint}

结果：

author                  : Gambardella, Matthew
title                   : XML Developer's Guide
publish_date            : publish_date
$_.publish_date         : publish_date
$_.publish_date.inprint : false

author                  : Ralls, Kim
title                   : Midnight Rain
publish_date            : publish_date
$_.publish_date         : publish_date
$_.publish_date.inprint : true

author                  : Corets, Eva
title                   : Maeve Ascendant
publish_date            : publish_date
$_.publish_date         : publish_date
$_.publish_date.inprint : false

如何读取还包含属性（在本例中为 publish_date）的元素的值？我想读取 publish_date 的日期值，而不是标签名称。

Answer 1

您正在尝试访问 publish_date XML 元素的文本内容。为此，请使用以下语法：

$xmlDoc.catalog.book | select author, title, publish_date, `
    {$_.publish_date.'#text'}, {$_.publish_date.inprint}

Answer 2

我检查了 PowerShell 返回的对象的数据类型：($xmlDoc.catalog).gettype().fullname。结果表明，代表节点的对象具有数据类型 System.Xml.XmlElement。所以我尝试使用 XmlElement.InnerText 属性，并且有效：

$xmlDoc.catalog.book | select author, title, publish_date, `
{$_.publish_date.innertext}, {$_.publish_date.inprint} | format-list

结果：

author                    : Gambardella, Matthew
title                     : XML Developer's Guide
publish_date              : publish_date
$_.publish_date.innertext : 2000-10-01
$_.publish_date.inprint   : false

author                    : Ralls, Kim
title                     : Midnight Rain
publish_date              : publish_date
$_.publish_date.innertext : 2000-12-16
$_.publish_date.inprint   : true

author                    : Corets, Eva
title                     : Maeve Ascendant
publish_date              : publish_date
$_.publish_date.innertext : 2000-11-17
$_.publish_date.inprint   : false

使用 PowerShell 解析 XML：获取具有属性的元素的值

Parsing XML with PowerShell: Getting the value of an element with an attribute

powershell

powershell-4.0