使用 python-docx 检索具有文档结构的文档内容

Question

我必须从 docx 文件中检索表格和 previous/next 段落，但无法想象如何使用 python-docx

获取这些内容

我可以通过document.paragraphs

得到一个段落列表

我可以通过 document.tables

获取表格列表

如何获得像这样的文档元素的有序列表

[
Paragraph1,
Paragraph2,
Table1,
Paragraph3,
Table3,
Paragraph4,
...
]?

Answer 1

python-docx 还没有 API 支持；有趣的是，Microsoft Word API 也没有。

但您可以使用以下代码解决此问题。请注意，它有点脆弱，因为它使用了可能会发生变化的 python-docx 内部结构，但我希望它在可预见的未来会工作得很好：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

"""
Testing iter_block_items()
"""

from __future__ import (
    absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals
)

from docx import Document
from docx.document import Document as _Document
from docx.oxml.text.paragraph import CT_P
from docx.oxml.table import CT_Tbl
from docx.table import _Cell, Table
from docx.text.paragraph import Paragraph


def iter_block_items(parent):
    """
    Generate a reference to each paragraph and table child within *parent*,
    in document order. Each returned value is an instance of either Table or
    Paragraph. *parent* would most commonly be a reference to a main
    Document object, but also works for a _Cell object, which itself can
    contain paragraphs and tables.
    """
    if isinstance(parent, _Document):
        parent_elm = parent.element.body
        # print(parent_elm.xml)
    elif isinstance(parent, _Cell):
        parent_elm = parent._tc
    else:
        raise ValueError("something's not right")

    for child in parent_elm.iterchildren():
        if isinstance(child, CT_P):
            yield Paragraph(child, parent)
        elif isinstance(child, CT_Tbl):
            yield Table(child, parent)


document = Document('test.docx')
for block in iter_block_items(document):
    print('found one')
    print(block.text if isinstance(block, Paragraph) else '<table>')

这里有更多的讨论：
https://github.com/python-openxml/python-docx/issues/276

Answer 2

解析为属性Document.story，包含文档顺序的段落和表格

https://github.com/python-openxml/python-docx/pull/395

document = Document('test.docx')
document.story

使用 python-docx 检索具有文档结构的文档内容

Retrieve document content with document structure with python-docx

python

docx

python-docx