序言为不同的参数打印出相同的答案

Question

我正在编写一个解决逻辑难题的 Prolog 程序。当试图打印出答案时，它给了我所有答案相同的答案。逻辑谜题的答案是：

genevieve 买了 4 码的 manzarita
lucia 买了 7 号 Graffetz
shawna 买了 5 号 williford
vanessa 买了 6 号 Abbot Hill

我的代码如下：

customer(genevieve).
customer(lucia).
customer(shawna).
customer(vanessa).

shoesize(4).
shoesize(5).
shoesize(6).
shoesize(7).

manufactorer(abbothill).
manufactorer(manzarita).
manufactorer(graffetz).
manufactorer(williford).

solve :-
   shoesize(GenevieveShoesize),
   shoesize(LuciaShoesize),
   shoesize(ShawnaShoesize),
   shoesize(VanessaShoesize),
   all_different([GenevieveShoesize, LuciaShoesize, ShawnaShoesize,     VanessaShoesize]),
   manufactorer(AbbotHillManufactorer),
   manufactorer(ManzaritaManufactorer),
   manufactorer(GraffetzManufactorer),
   manufactorer(WillifordManufactorer),

   all_different([AbbotHillManufactorer, ManzaritaManufactorer, 
    GraffetzManufactorer, WillifordManufactorer]),
   List = [ [genevieve,GenevieveShoesize,AbbotHillManufactorer],
      [lucia,LuciaShoesize,ManzaritaManufactorer],
      [shawna,ShawnaShoesize,GraffetzManufactorer],
      [vanessa,VanessaShoesize,WillifordManufactorer]],

   \+(member([_,5,manzarita],List)),
   \+(member([_,6,manzarita],List)),
   \+(member([lucia,5,_],List)),
   \+(member([lucia,6,_],List)),
   \+(member([genevieve,_,abbothill],List)),
   \+(member([shawna,_,graffetz],List)),
   (member([vanessa,_,abbothill],List)),

   tell(genevieve,GenevieveShoesize,GeneieveManufactorer),
   tell(lucia,LuciaShoesize,LuciaManufactorer),
   tell(shawna,ShawnaShoesize,ShawnaManufactorer),
   tell(vanessa,VanessaShoesize,VanessaManufactorer).

all_different([H | T]) :- member(H,T), !, fail.
all_different([_ | T]) :- all_different(T).
all_different([]).


tell(X,Y,Z) :-
   customer(X),
   shoesize(Y),
   manufactorer(Z),
   write(X), write(' got their shoes from'),
   write(Y), write(' and is a size '), write(Z), nl.

当我去 SWI 并要求它：

-告诉(X,Y,Z) 它输出： X 等于 genevieve， Y 等于 4， Z 等于方丈山。

如果我指定其中一个变量，例如告诉（凡妮莎，Y，Z）它会打印出来：vanessa bought a size 4 abbot hill ；保持 Y 和 Z 的值相同。

Answer 1

The answers to the logic puzzle are: -genevieve bought a size 4 manzarita -lucia bought a size 7 Graffetz -shawna bought a size 5 williford -vanessa bought a size 6 Abbot Hill"

如果这些是谜题的唯一答案，那么您的逻辑是错误的，您的代码生成的答案比这多得多。

根据你的程序，下面是一些解决方案：

X = genevieve,
Y = 4,
Z = abbothill ;
genevieve got their shoes from4 and is a size manzarita
X = genevieve,
Y = 4,
Z = manzarita ;
genevieve got their shoes from4 and is a size graffetz
X = genevieve,
Y = 4,
Z = graffetz ;
genevieve got their shoes from4 and is a size williford
X = genevieve,
Y = 4,
Z = williford ;
genevieve got their shoes from5 and is a size abbothill
X = genevieve,
Y = 5,
Z = abbothill ;
genevieve got their shoes from5 and is a size manzarita
X = genevieve,
Y = 5,
Z = manzarita ;
genevieve got their shoes from5 and is a size graffetz
X = genevieve,
Y = 5,
Z = graffetz ;
genevieve got their shoes from5 and is a size williford
X = genevieve,
Y = 5,
Z = williford ;

如果你想找到所有唯一的解决方案，你可以运行：setof((X,Y,Z), tell(X,Y,Z), Y).

根据您的程序生成 64 个不同的有效解决方案。

if I specify one of the variables for example tell(vanessa,Y,Z) it will print out : vanessa bought a size 4 abbot hill ; leaving the values of Y and Z the same.

它不会让值 Y 和 Z 相同，它只是意味着 Y = 4, Z = abbothill 是 第一个 解决方案X = vanessa，您可以使用 ; 生成下一个解决方案，您会看到 Y 和 Z 并不总是相同的，例如：

?- tell(vanessa,Y,Z).
vanessa got their shoes from4 and is a size abbothill
Y = 4,
Z = abbothill ;
vanessa got their shoes from4 and is a size manzarita
Y = 4,
Z = manzarita ;
vanessa got their shoes from4 and is a size graffetz
Y = 4,
Z = graffetz ;
vanessa got their shoes from4 and is a size williford
Y = 4,
Z = williford ;
vanessa got their shoes from5 and is a size abbothill
Y = 5,
Z = abbothill ;

编辑： 如果您要解决的是这个逻辑难题：

There are 4 customers: Genevieve, Lucia, Shawna, Vanessa

There are 4 shoe sizes: 4, 5, 6, 7

There are 4 shoe manufacturers: Abbott Hill, Manzarita, Graffetz, Williford

Of the Manzarita footwear and Lucia's pair, one was a size 7 and the other was a size 4.

Genevieve's pair was 2 sizes smaller than the Abbott Hill footwear.

Vanessa's pair was 2 sizes larger than Genevieve's pair.

The Graffetz footwear was somewhat larger than Shawna's pair.

For each customer, show their name, their shoe size and their shoe's manufacturer in a format similar to this:

Joe bought a size 13 Nike.

Tom bought a size 12 Reebok.

你可以使用这样的东西：

customer(genevieve).
customer(lucia).
customer(shawna).
customer(vanessa).

shoesize(4).
shoesize(5).
shoesize(6).
shoesize(7).

manufactorer(abbothill).
manufactorer(manzarita).
manufactorer(graffetz).
manufactorer(williford).

four_or_seven(L):-
    member((lucia, 7, _), L),
    member((_, 4, manzarita), L).
four_or_seven(L):-
    member((lucia, 4, _), L),
    member((_, 7, manzarita), L).

less_than_abbott_hill(L):-
    member((genevieve, S0, _), L),
    member((_, S1, abbothill), L),
    S0 is S1-2.

vanessa_larger_than_genevieve(L):-
    member((vanessa, S0, _), L),
    member((genevieve, S1, _), L),
    S0 is S1+2.

graffetz_larger_than_shawna(L):-
    member((shawna, S0, _), L),
    member((_, S1, graffetz), L),
    S1 > S0.

solve:-
    shoesize(S0), manufactorer(M0),
    shoesize(S1), manufactorer(M1),
    shoesize(S2), manufactorer(M2),
    shoesize(S3), manufactorer(M3),
    all_different([M0,M1,M2,M3]),
    L = [(genevieve, S0, M0), (lucia, S1, M1), (shawna, S2, M2), (vanessa, S3, M3)],
    four_or_seven(L),
    less_than_abbott_hill(L),
    vanessa_larger_than_genevieve(L),
    graffetz_larger_than_shawna(L),
    print(L).

all_different([H | T]) :- member(H,T), !, fail.
all_different([_ | T]) :- all_different(T).
all_different([]).

print([(C, S, M)|T]):-
    format("~p bhought a size ~p ~p~n", [C,S,M]),
    print(T).

print([]).

注意这个谜题有多种解法，例如运行:

?- [puzzle].
true.

?- solve.
genevieve bhought a size 4 manzarita
lucia bhought a size 7 graffetz
shawna bhought a size 4 williford
vanessa bhought a size 6 abbothill
true ;
genevieve bhought a size 4 manzarita
lucia bhought a size 7 graffetz
shawna bhought a size 5 williford
vanessa bhought a size 6 abbothill
true

序言为不同的参数打印出相同的答案

prolog printing out same answer for different parameters

prolog

zebra-puzzle