连接 NLog 并将其注入 .NET Core 控制台应用程序

Question

我创建了一个 consumer/job，我将运行作为一个进程 Linux 用 C# 编写。

该过程将：

从 RabbitMQ 读取消息
对数据库进行更改
记录任何错误

NLog 上关于 .NET Core 的所有文档都在 ASP.NET Core 上。当我尝试获得 ILogger 实现时，它 returns null.

接线和使用除外：

static void ConfigureServices()
{
    string environment = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT");

    var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
         .SetBasePath(Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory))
         .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
         .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{environment}.json", optional: true);

    var services = new ServiceCollection();

    Configuration = builder.Build();

    [...]

    services.AddLogging();

    ServiceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();

    var loggerFactory = ServiceProvider.GetService<ILoggerFactory>();
    loggerFactory.AddNLog();
}

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    ConfigureServices();
    
    var logger = ServiceProvider.GetService<NLog.ILogger>();

    logger.Debug("Logging");

    [...]
}

不要与环境变量混淆ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT；它仅用于确定使用哪个 appsettings.json。

我的代码基于此 issue report。

最后，这些是我目前安装的软件包。

<ItemGroup>
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="1.1.2" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration" Version="1.1.2" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Abstractions" Version="1.1.2" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables" Version="1.1.2" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json" Version="1.1.2" />
  <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions" Version="1.1.2" />
  <PackageReference Include="NLog" Version="5.0.0-beta09" />
  <PackageReference Include="NLog.Extensions.Logging" Version="1.0.0-rtm-beta5" />
  <PackageReference Include="Npgsql" Version="3.2.4.1" />
  <PackageReference Include="Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL" Version="1.1.0" />
</ItemGroup>

Answer 1

.NET Core 1 控制台应用程序中 NLog 的完整简约示例（基于 NLog.Extensions.Logging 存储库）：

var services = new ServiceCollection();
services.AddLogging();
var provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();

var factory = provider.GetService<ILoggerFactory>();
factory.AddNLog();
factory.ConfigureNLog("nlog.config");

var logger = provider.GetService<ILogger<Program>>();
logger.LogCritical("hello nlog");

参考文献：

    <ItemGroup>
        <PackageReference Include="NLog.Extensions.Logging" Version="1.0.0-rtm-beta5" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration" Version="1.1.2" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection" Version="1.1.1" />
        <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="1.1.2" />
    </ItemGroup>

nlog.config:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      internalLogFile="internal-nlog.txt">

  <variable name="Layout"
            value="${longdate}|${level:uppercase=true}|${logger}|${message}"/>

  <!-- the targets to write to -->
  <targets>
    <!-- write logs to file -->
    <target xsi:type="File" 
            name="allfile" 
            fileName="nlog-all-${shortdate}.log"
            layout="${Layout}" />

    <!-- write to the void aka just remove -->
    <target xsi:type="Null" name="blackhole" />
  </targets>

  <!-- rules to map from logger name to target -->
  <rules>
    <!--All logs, including from Microsoft-->
    <logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="allfile" />

    <!--Skip Microsoft logs and so log only own logs-->
    <logger name="Microsoft.*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="blackhole" final="true" />
  </rules>
</nlog>

Answer 2

我的解决方案是使用一个使用 Console.Writeline 的适配器模式，直到出现更合理的 NLog 版本。

using System;
public static class Log
{
    public static void Write(string message)
    {
        Console.WriteLine($"{DateTime.Now}: {message}");
    }
}

Answer 3

在 DotNet Core 2 中，您现在可以使用启动 class 并稍微清理一下代码，使其看起来更像网络代码。

作为奖励，可以使用 ConsoleApp

在 DI 容器中启动您的应用程序

Program.cs

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    IServiceCollection services = new ServiceCollection();

    Startup startup = new Startup();
    startup.ConfigureServices(services);

    IServiceProvider serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();

    // entry to run app
    serviceProvider.GetService<ConsoleApp>().Run();
}

Startup.cs

public class Startup
{
    IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; }

    public Startup()
    {
        var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
          .SetBasePath(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
          .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true);

        Configuration = builder.Build();
    }


    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        services.AddSingleton<IConfigurationRoot>(Configuration);

        services.AddSingleton<IMyConfiguration, MyConfiguration>();

        services.AddLogging(loggingBuilder => {
           loggingBuilder.AddNLog("nlog.config");
        });

        services.AddTransient<ConsoleApp>();
    }
}

ConsoleApp.cs

public class ConsoleApp
{
    private readonly ILogger<ConsoleApp> _logger;
    private readonly IMyConfiguration _config;

    public ConsoleApp(IMyConfiguration configurationRoot, ILogger<ConsoleApp> logger)
    {
        _logger = logger;
        _config = configurationRoot;
    }


    public void Run()
    {
        var test = _config.YourItem;

        _logger.LogCritical(test);

        System.Console.ReadKey();
    }
}

Configuration.cs

public class MyConfiguration : IMyConfiguration
{

    IConfigurationRoot _configurationRoot;
    public MyConfiguration(IConfigurationRoot configurationRoot)
    {
        _configurationRoot = configurationRoot;
    }

    public string YourItem => _configurationRoot["YourItem"];
}


public interface IMyConfiguration
{
    string YourItem { get; }
}

连接 NLog 并将其注入 .NET Core 控制台应用程序

Wire and inject NLog into .NET Core console app

c#

nlog

.net-core