如何使 Flask-WTForms 从标签名称列表中动态更新标签?

How to make Flask-WTFoms update labels dynamically from list of label names?

我使用 WTForms 来定义数据过滤的表单,它是这样定义的(我的目标是为 BooleanFields 设置用户指定的标签,我让每个用户为字段命名标签,并将字段名称保存到 Google 数据存储):

class MainFilterForm(FlaskForm):
    """
    Represents main filter form.
    """

    start_date = pendulum.parse(
        str(pendulum.today().year)
        + str(pendulum.today().month)
        + '01')
    end_date = pendulum.today()
    calendar_colors_descriptions = CalendarColorsDescription(
        users.get_current_user().user_id()
        ).get_colors_description()
    search_query = StringField(
        'Search',
        [
            validators.Length(min=1, max=128),
            validators.optional()],
        default=None)
    start_date = DateField(
        'Start date',
        [validators.required()],
        format='%Y-%m-%d',
        default=start_date)
    end_date = DateField(
        'End date',
        [validators.required()],
        format='%Y-%m-%d',
        default=end_date)
    i_am_owner = BooleanField(
        'I am owner',
        default=False)
    include_all_day_events = BooleanField(
        'Include all day events',
        default=False)
    selected_colors_calendar_color = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[0],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color1 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[1],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color2 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[2],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color3 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[3],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color4 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[4],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color5 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[5],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color6 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[6],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color7 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[7],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color8 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[8],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color9 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[9],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color10 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[10],
        default=True)
    selected_colors_color11 = BooleanField(
        calendar_colors_descriptions[11],
        default=True)

CalendarColorsDescription class returns 表示布尔字段所需标签的字符串列表(这些值存储在 Google 数据存储中)。

此表单显示在 Jinja2 和 Flask 呈现的仪表板主页上(此处仅粘贴 Flask class 的相关部分):

@APP.route('/dashboard', methods=('GET', 'POST'))
def dashboard():
    """
    Main page handler, shows stats dashboard.
    """

    form = MainFilterForm()
    calendar_events = get_events(
        calendar_service,
        form.search_query.data,
        form.start_date.data,
        form.end_date.data,
        form.i_am_owner.data,
        form.include_all_day_events.data,
        form.selected_colors_calendar_color.data,
        form.selected_colors_color1.data,
        form.selected_colors_color2.data,
        form.selected_colors_color3.data,
        form.selected_colors_color4.data,
        form.selected_colors_color5.data,
        form.selected_colors_color6.data,
        form.selected_colors_color7.data,
        form.selected_colors_color8.data,
        form.selected_colors_color9.data,
        form.selected_colors_color10.data,
        form.selected_colors_color11.data)
    return flask.render_template(
        'dashboard.html',
        calendar_events=calendar_events,
        form=form)

首先 运行 所有标签都已正确设置和显示。但是当我更改数据存储中的值(通过另一种形式)时,表单标签中的值永远不会更新它们保持不变,除非我重新启动网络服务器。

我尝试将 "debug" 打印到程序的不同部分并输出从 Datastore 读取数据的 class,并且输出始终有效并与预期值同步。在我看来(对我来说这完全是魔法),

form = MainFilterForm()

仅在第一次 HTTP 请求时执行一次(因为我也尝试将 "debug" 打印到 MainFilterForm 定义中,但此打印仅在第一次 HTTP 请求时显示)。

我尝试手动设置标签:

form.selected_colors_calendar_color.label = calendar_colors_descriptions[0]

行后:

form = MainFilterForm()

但我收到错误 "TypeError: 'str' object is not callable",我相信是来自 Jinja2。

您所采用的方法 calendar_colors_descriptions 已分配到您的表单正文中 class。

这意味着它只被评估一次——当第一次导入表单模块时——因此字段标签值是固定的,直到服务器重新启动。实际上,标签值是 class 定义的一部分,因此在 class 的所有 实例 中都很常见.

此示例代码与您的相似;

import random
import wtforms


def get_labels(labels=None):
        if labels is None:
            labels = ['red', 'amber', 'green']
        # Simulate data changes by shuffling the list.
        random.shuffle(labels)
        return labels


class StaticLabelForm(wtforms.Form):

    # labels is set when the class is compiled at import time.
    labels = get_labels()

    foo = wtforms.BooleanField(labels[0], default=True)
    bar = wtforms.BooleanField(labels[1], default=True)
    baz = wtforms.BooleanField(labels[2], default=True)

每次我们实例化一个新的StaticLabelForm,标签总是相同的,因为get_labels函数只被调用一次

>>> static1 = StaticLabelForm()
>>> for field in static1: print(field.label, field)
... 
<label for="foo">amber</label> <input checked id="foo" name="foo" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="bar">green</label> <input checked id="bar" name="bar" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="baz">red</label> <input checked id="baz" name="baz" type="checkbox" value="y">

>>> static2 = StaticLabelForm()
>>> for field in static2: print(field.label, field)
... 
<label for="foo">amber</label> <input checked id="foo" name="foo" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="bar">green</label> <input checked id="bar" name="bar" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="baz">red</label> <input checked id="baz" name="baz" type="checkbox" value="y">

我们可以通过将标签值传递给表单的 __init__ 方法,并将它们设置在 __init__ 方法内的字段上来解决这个问题。

class DynamicLabelForm(wtforms.Form):

    # Don't set the labels here
    foo = wtforms.BooleanField(default=True)
    bar = wtforms.BooleanField(default=True)
    baz = wtforms.BooleanField(default=True)

    def __init__(self, labels=None, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        # super(DynamicLabelForm, self).__init__(**kwargs) for python2!
        if labels is None:
            labels = ['red', 'amber', 'green']
        self['foo'].label = wtforms.Label(self['foo'].id, labels[0])
        self['bar'].label = wtforms.Label(self['bar'].id, labels[1])
        self['baz'].label = wtforms.Label(self['baz'].id, labels[2])

现在每个新表单上的标签都已重置:

>>> dynamic1 = DynamicLabelForm(labels=get_labels())
>>> for field in dynamic1: print(field.label, field)
... 
<label for="foo">amber</label> <input checked id="foo" name="foo" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="bar">red</label> <input checked id="bar" name="bar" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="baz">green</label> <input checked id="baz" name="baz" type="checkbox" value="y">

>>> dynamic2 = DynamicLabelForm(labels=get_labels())
>>> for field in dynamic2: print(field.label, field)
... 
<label for="foo">amber</label> <input checked id="foo" name="foo" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="bar">green</label> <input checked id="bar" name="bar" type="checkbox" value="y">
<label for="baz">red</label> <input checked id="baz" name="baz" type="checkbox" value="y">

创建示例表单如下:

from flask_wtf import FlaskForm
from wtforms import StringField
from wtforms.validators import DataRequired, Length
from wtforms.fields import Label  #<==This is the key

#in forms.py
class MyForm(FlaskForm):
    name = StringField('Your Name', validators=[DataRequired(), Length(min=2, max=20)])
    submit = SubmitField('Sign Up')

#in route.py
from forms import MyForm
#initialize your app

@app.route("/some-test-route", methods = ["GET","POST"])
def someTestRoute():
    form = MyForm
    if some condition:
        #change the label as follows.
        form.name.label = Label(field_id = "name", text = "Your New Field Description Goes Here.")
        #The above line creates the following lable object
        #<label for="name">Your New Field Description Goes Here.</label>
        #which replaces the current label object that is
        #<label for="name">yourname</label>
    if form.validate_on_submit():
        #do something
        return redirect(url_for(endpoint = "someEndPoint"))
    return render_template("WhereEverYour_MyForm_Template.html")