无法让包含的视图与布局中的父底部对齐

Question

我正在尝试在 android 中做一个简单的布局，其中包含另一个文件，该文件是一个由三个按钮组成的底部导航。

我无法让包含的文件排在底部。这是我的 xml 布局（TextView 显示与父底部对齐，但包含的文件没有）：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id="@+id/activity_background"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@android:color/white"
>


<TextView
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/patientDOBBlock"
    tools:text="Test Navigation Text"
    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"/>
<include
    android:id="@+id/navigation"
    android:layout_below="@+id/patientDOBBlock"
    layout="@layout/bottom_navigation"
    android:layout_height="66dp"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"/>

</RelativeLayout>

包含的文件：

<merge xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id="@+id/task_base_buttons"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="66dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskBack"
        style="@style/NeutrifProText.Button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.2"
        android:background="@android:color/transparent"
        android:text="@string/action_back"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        style="@style/NeutrifProText.Button"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.6"
        android:background="@drawable/rounded_rect_color_primary"
        android:text="@string/action_continue"
        android:textColor="@color/white"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnTaskSkip"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnTaskBack" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskSkip"
        style="@style/NeutrifProText.Button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.2"
        android:background="@android:color/transparent"
        android:text="@string/action_skip"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue" />

 </android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>
 </merge>

知道为什么吗？顺便说一句，这个相同的包含文件显示在片段的底部。

编辑：我包括了布局确实出现在底部的片段的布局

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/task_constraint_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.rangerhealth.rangerprovider.view.fragment.BaseTaskFragment"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="0dp"
tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="25dp">

<!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/task_title"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignParentStart="true"
    android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="50dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:textColor="@color/black"
    android:textSize="@dimen/title_font_size"
    tools:text="Title"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/task_subtitle"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_below="@+id/task_title"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="17dp"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:text="Subtitle"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/task_title" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/task_description"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="21dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    android:gravity="center_horizontal"
    tools:text="Description"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/task_subtitle" />


<include layout="@layout/bottom_navigation"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    />

<RelativeLayout
    android:id="@+id/task_placeholder"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/task_description"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/task_base_buttons"
    >

</RelativeLayout>
</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

Answer 1

在布局中，包含的布局与父底部对齐并低于 patientDOBBlock。这两个指令是冲突的。我假设您希望底部导航和文本视图都与父底部对齐并重叠。

在带有 include 的布局中删除以下行：

android:layout_below="@+id/patientDOBBlock"

留下以下布局：

<RelativeLayout 
    android:id="@+id/activity_background"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/white">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/patientDOBBlock"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        tools:text="Test Navigation Text" />

    <include
        android:id="@+id/navigation"
        layout="@layout/bottom_navigation"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="66dp"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent" />
</RelativeLayout>

在 bottom_navigation.xml 中，删除 merge 标签。来自 documentation:

The tag helps eliminate redundant view groups in your view hierarchy when including one layout within another.

由于你需要在包含文件中保留ConstraintLayout，你没有多余的视图组，所以你不需要合并标签。使用 merge 标签还可以防止将布局参数应用于包含文件。参见 this。

You can also override all the layout parameters (any android:layout_* attributes) of the included layout's root view by specifying them in the tag.

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:id="@+id/task_base_buttons"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="66dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskBack"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.2"
        android:background="@android:color/transparent"
        android:text="action_back"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.6"
        android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
        android:text="action_continue"
        android:textColor="@android:color/white"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnTaskSkip"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnTaskBack" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskSkip"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.2"
        android:background="@android:color/transparent"
        android:text="action_skip"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue" />

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

结果如下：

虽然这不会造成任何伤害，但在 ConstraintLayout 中指定的约束将不起作用，除非父级也是 ConstraintLayout，因此可以删除它们。

Answer 2

使用以下内容更改您的 XML。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_background"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@android:color/white">


    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/patientDOBBlock"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_above="@id/navigation"
        android:gravity="center"
        tools:text="Test Navigation Text" />

    <include
        android:id="@+id/navigation"
        layout="@layout/bottom_navigation"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="66dp"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />

</RelativeLayout>

bottom_navigation.xml

<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id="@+id/task_base_buttons"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="66dp"
android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent">

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskBack"
        style="@style/NeutrifProText.Button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.2"
        android:background="@android:color/transparent"
        android:text="@string/action_back"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        style="@style/NeutrifProText.Button"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.6"
        android:background="@drawable/rounded_rect_color_primary"
        android:text="@string/action_continue"
        android:textColor="@color/white"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@+id/btnTaskSkip"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/btnTaskBack" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btnTaskSkip"
        style="@style/NeutrifProText.Button"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
        android:layout_weight="0.2"
        android:background="@android:color/transparent"
        android:text="@string/action_skip"
        android:textColor="@color/colorPrimary"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@+id/btnTaskContinue" />

 </android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

希望对你有用。

Answer 3

实际上，我必须添加一个 LinearLayout，然后一切正常：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/activity_background"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@android:color/white">


<TextView
    android:id="@+id/patientDOBBlock"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_above="@id/navigation"
    android:gravity="center"
    tools:text="Test Navigation Text" />
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:id="@+id/navigation">

<include
    android:id="@+id/constraintLayoutNavigation"
    layout="@layout/bottom_navigation"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="66dp"
    android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" />
</LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

Answer 4

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout 
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/activity_background"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@android:color/white"
>
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/patientDOBBlock"
tools:text="Test Navigation Text"
android:layout_above = "@+id/navigation"/>

<include
android:id="@id/navigation"
android:layout_alignParentBottom = "true"
layout="@layout/bottom_navigation"
android:layout_height="66dp"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
/>
</RelativeLayout>

这应该可以完美运行

无法让包含的视图与布局中的父底部对齐

Can't get the included view to align to the parent bottom in a layout

android

android-layout

android-relativelayout