多次引用一个外键

Question

在我的项目中，有收入也有支出。我有很多生意和资产。每个企业和资产都有收入和支出。除此之外，我还有一些一般收入，如工资、奖金等。所以最后我做了 6 table,

1. business, 2. assets, 3. catagory, 4. income, 5. expense, 6. accounts

+----------+---------+    +--------+---------+  +----------+---------+ +----------+---------+ 
| Business | Name    |    | Assets | Name    |  | catagory | Name    | | account  | Name    |
+----------+---------+    +--------+---------+  +----------+---------+ +----------+---------+
| 1        |Business1|    | 1      | Land1   |  | 1        | profit  | | 1        | Bank1   |
| 2        |Business2|    | 2      | Land2   |  | 2        | salary  | | 2        | Bank2   |
| 3        |Business3|    | 3      | Land3   |  | 3        | Rent    | | 3        | Cash    |   
+----------+---------+    +--------+---------+  +----------+---------+ +----------+---------+

金融交易可能发生在企业、资产或一般交易中，每个交易都有类别，或者可能将余额从一个账户转移到另一个账户。如下图

+--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+                             
| Income | From    | Catagory| Account | Amount  |             
+--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+                         
| 1      |Business1|Profit   |Bank1    |  1000   |                 
| 2      |Land1    |Rent     |Bank2    |  500    |                 
| 3      |General  |Salary   |Cash     |  700    |
| 4      |Transfer |Null     |Bank2    |  500    |
+--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

等等费用

+--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+                             
| Expense| From    | Catagory| Account | Amount  |             
+--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+                         
| 1      |Transfer | Null    | Bank1   |  500    |                 
| 2      |Land1    | Mainta..| Bank2   |  200    |                 
| 3      |General  | Food    | Cash    |  700    |
| 4      |Assets   | Invest  | Bank1   |  1000   |
+--------+---------+---------+---------+---------+

此设计存在一些严重问题，插入后我无法从收入或支出 table 中跟踪 'from' 列。这个领域变得模棱两可。

我必须准备损益表、余额 sheet、账户摘要、业务和资产明智的报告，但我不知道如何处理这个数据库或如何修复这些 tables.

请提出任何建议或想法来修复那些 table 结构，以便准备我的损益表和余额 sheet。

Answer 1

选项 1（简单方法）： 创建一个 From field区分资产和业务

选项 2（正确方式）： 创建一个 From table区分资产和业务

选项2的最终查询：

SELECT 
    IncomeID,
    IF(
        (SELECT COUNT(assets.assetsID) FROM assets WHERE Income.FromId = assets.FromId) > 0,
        (SELECT assets.name FROM assets WHERE Income.FromId = assets.FromId),
        (SELECT Business.name FROM Business WHERE Income.FromId = Business.FromId),
        ) AS From,
    Catagory.name,
    Account.name,
    Income.amount
FROM 
    Income, Catagory, Account 
WHERE 
    Income.CatagoryId = Catagory.CatagoryId
AND 
    Account.AccountId = Account.AccountId
ORDER BY 
    IncomeID, Income.amount;

多次引用一个外键

Multiple reference to one foreign key

mysql

database

schema

database-design

relational-database