使用 WinAPI 时避免无效指针(Windows Core Audio)
Avoiding invalidated pointers while using WinAPI (Windows Core Audio)
我们正在使用 IMMNotificationClient
的实例化来通知我们特定音频设备(Foo sound blaster)发生的变化,但是当计算机上尚未安装 Foo blaster 时插入后,IMMNotificationClient::OnDeviceStateChanged
函数
内的程序段错误(引发访问冲突)
据我所知,这是导致这种情况发生的原因:
- 插入新的 Foo 玩具枪
- Windows 向 IMMNotificationClient
发送设备状态更改通知
- 在
IMMNotificationClient::OnDeviceStateChanged
函数完成执行之前,Windows 使 COM 对象无效。
这种失效发生在 IMMNotificationClient::OnDeviceStateChanged
函数中看似随机的点。
下面是一些示例代码:
#include <mmdeviceapi.h>
#include <functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h>
#include <string>
class FooSoundBlasterNotifier: public IMMNotificationClient {
//private member variables
const char * FOO_BLASTER_NAME = "Foo Blaster";
public:
HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceStateChanged(LPCWSTR pDeviceId, DWORD newState)
{
IMMDeviceEnumerator *pDeviceEnumerator;
IMMDevice *pDevice;
IPropertyStore *pStore;
HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(MMDeviceEnumerator), NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IMMDeviceEnumerator), (void**)&pDeviceEnumerator);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = pDeviceEnumerator->GetDevice(pDeviceId, &pDevice);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = pDevice->OpenPropertyStore(STGM_READ, &pStore);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
PROPVARIANT variant;
PropVariantInit(&variant);
hr = pStore->GetValue(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &variant);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
//Code usually crashes about right here
std::wstring friendlyNameW(variant.pwszVal);
std::string friendlyName(friendlyNameW.begin(), friendlyNameW.end());
if(friendlyName.find(FOO_BLASTER_NAME) != std::string::npos)
{
//Log the information about state change
}
//release
}
//all
}
//COM
}
//Objects
}
return S_OK;
}
//Declare other needed functions
};
如何避免使用无效的 Windows COM 对象?除此之外,我如何在不必关闭整个程序的情况下成功地从访问冲突中恢复?
编辑
这是代码失败位置的调用跟踪:
common_strnlen_simd<1,1,unsigned short>(const unsigned short * const string, const unsigned __int64 maximum_count) Line 152
at minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\string\strnlen.cpp(152)
common_strnlen<1,unsigned short>(const unsigned short * const string, const unsigned __int64 maximum_count) Line 185
at minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\string\strnlen.cpp(185)
wcslen(const wchar_t * string) Line 219
at minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\string\strnlen.cpp(219)
[External Code]
FooSoundBlaster::OnDeviceStateChanged(const wchar_t * pwstrDeviceId, unsigned long dwNewState)
[External Code]
真正的问题不是 IMMDevice 对象失效,而是 variant.pwszVal
为空。像这样的简单检查:
if(variant.pwszVal /* != NULL, there you go Paul! :) */)
{
friendlyNameW = variant.pwszVal;
}
应该可以解决上面代码中的问题。
我们正在使用 IMMNotificationClient
的实例化来通知我们特定音频设备(Foo sound blaster)发生的变化,但是当计算机上尚未安装 Foo blaster 时插入后,IMMNotificationClient::OnDeviceStateChanged
函数
据我所知,这是导致这种情况发生的原因:
- 插入新的 Foo 玩具枪
- Windows 向 IMMNotificationClient 发送设备状态更改通知
- 在
IMMNotificationClient::OnDeviceStateChanged
函数完成执行之前,Windows 使 COM 对象无效。
这种失效发生在 IMMNotificationClient::OnDeviceStateChanged
函数中看似随机的点。
下面是一些示例代码:
#include <mmdeviceapi.h>
#include <functiondiscoverykeys_devpkey.h>
#include <string>
class FooSoundBlasterNotifier: public IMMNotificationClient {
//private member variables
const char * FOO_BLASTER_NAME = "Foo Blaster";
public:
HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE OnDeviceStateChanged(LPCWSTR pDeviceId, DWORD newState)
{
IMMDeviceEnumerator *pDeviceEnumerator;
IMMDevice *pDevice;
IPropertyStore *pStore;
HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);
hr = CoCreateInstance(__uuidof(MMDeviceEnumerator), NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, __uuidof(IMMDeviceEnumerator), (void**)&pDeviceEnumerator);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = pDeviceEnumerator->GetDevice(pDeviceId, &pDevice);
if(SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = pDevice->OpenPropertyStore(STGM_READ, &pStore);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
PROPVARIANT variant;
PropVariantInit(&variant);
hr = pStore->GetValue(PKEY_Device_FriendlyName, &variant);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
//Code usually crashes about right here
std::wstring friendlyNameW(variant.pwszVal);
std::string friendlyName(friendlyNameW.begin(), friendlyNameW.end());
if(friendlyName.find(FOO_BLASTER_NAME) != std::string::npos)
{
//Log the information about state change
}
//release
}
//all
}
//COM
}
//Objects
}
return S_OK;
}
//Declare other needed functions
};
如何避免使用无效的 Windows COM 对象?除此之外,我如何在不必关闭整个程序的情况下成功地从访问冲突中恢复?
编辑
这是代码失败位置的调用跟踪:
common_strnlen_simd<1,1,unsigned short>(const unsigned short * const string, const unsigned __int64 maximum_count) Line 152
at minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\string\strnlen.cpp(152)
common_strnlen<1,unsigned short>(const unsigned short * const string, const unsigned __int64 maximum_count) Line 185
at minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\string\strnlen.cpp(185)
wcslen(const wchar_t * string) Line 219
at minkernel\crts\ucrt\src\appcrt\string\strnlen.cpp(219)
[External Code]
FooSoundBlaster::OnDeviceStateChanged(const wchar_t * pwstrDeviceId, unsigned long dwNewState)
[External Code]
真正的问题不是 IMMDevice 对象失效,而是 variant.pwszVal
为空。像这样的简单检查:
if(variant.pwszVal /* != NULL, there you go Paul! :) */)
{
friendlyNameW = variant.pwszVal;
}
应该可以解决上面代码中的问题。