如何在 rails 模型中创建 Proc 以防止 DRY? Rails 5.2.1,rails_admin

how to create Proc to prevent DRY in rails model? Rails 5.2.1, rails_admin

class Client < ApplicationRecord
  has_many :projects
  validates :name, presence: true

  validates :phone,
    presence: {
      message: "Phone or Email can not be blank",
      if: Proc.new { |a| a.email.blank? }
    },
    length: {
      minimum: 10,
      unless: Proc.new { |a| a.phone.blank? }
    }

  validates :email,
    uniqueness: {
      unless: Proc.new { |a| a.email.blank? }
    },
    presence: {
      message: "Phone/Email can't both be blank",
      if: Proc.new { |a| a.phone.blank? }
    },
    format: {
      with: URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP,
      unless: Proc.new { |a| a.email.blank? }
    }

    def phone_blank?
      Proc.new { |a| a.phone.blank? }
    end
end

如何创建一个方法来替换所有的 Proc? 我刚刚了解 Proc,对此我还不是很熟悉。我尝试使用 :phone_blank 来替换 if:/unless: 之后的所有 proc,但它无法工作。谁能告诉我如何制作 phone_blank?方法可以替换代码中嵌入的所有过程吗?谢谢~

已编辑: 我忘了说我正在使用 rails_admin 作为管理界面。如果我在 if:/unless: 中调用方法,管理面板将显示 Model 'Client' could not be found 然后该模型将从管理面板中消失。我不确定这是 rails_admin 的事情还是 Rails 5 的行为方式。我对 RoR 很陌生,仍然对 Rails 的所有不同版本感到很困惑。...

对于使用方法,不需要 Proc 包装器。

例如

class Client < ApplicationRecord
  has_many :projects
  validates :name, presence: true

  validates :phone,
    presence: {
      message: "Phone or Email can not be blank",
      if: email_blank?
    },
    length: {
      minimum: 10,
      unless: phone_blank?
    }

  validates :email,
    uniqueness: {
      unless: email_blank?
    },
    presence: {
      message: "Phone/Email can't both be blank",
      if: phone_blank?
    },
    format: {
      with: URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP,
      unless: email_blank?
    }

  def phone_blank?
    phone.blank?
  end

  def email_blank?
    email.blank?
  end
end

您也可以直接在验证中简单地指定此条件而无需方法或Proc作为字符串。

例如

class Client < ApplicationRecord
  has_many :projects
  validates :name, presence: true

  validates :phone,
    presence: {
      message: "Phone or Email can not be blank",
      if: 'email.blank?'
    },
    length: {
      minimum: 10,
      if: 'phone.present?'
    }

  validates :email,
    uniqueness: {
      if: 'email.present?'
    },
    presence: {
      message: "Phone/Email can't both be blank",
      if: 'phone.blank?'
    },
    format: {
      with: URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP,
      if: 'email.present?'
    }
end

你可以写一个 class 方法,returns 一个 lambda,比如:

def self.blank_field?(field)
  ->(m) { m.send(field).blank? }
end

然后说这样的话:

validates :phone,
  presence: {
    message: "Phone or Email can not be blank",
    if: blank_field?(:email)
  },
  length: {
    minimum: 10,
    unless: blank_field?(:phone)
  }

请注意,我们使用 blank_field? 而不是 blank?,因为 blank? 已被占用,我们不想覆盖它。由于这是一个 "internal" 方法,我们不必担心 public_sendsend.

不是直接的答案,但 DRY-ing 的另一种方法是利用 with_options:

with_options if: -> { email.blank? } do
  validates :phone, presence: { message: "Phone or Email can not be blank" }
end

with_options if: -> { phone.blank? } do
  validates :email, presence: { message: "Phone/Email can't both be blank" }
end

with_options if: -> { email.present? } do
  validates :phone, length: { minimum: 10 }
  validates :email, uniqueness: true, format: { with: URI::MailTo::EMAIL_REGEXP }
end

当验证的条件取决于不同的条件时,这尤其有用……比如,类别(如果你有一个 category 列),你可以简单地将这些验证分组with_options

琐事:

你可以把-> { ... }想成你已经熟悉的Proc.new { ... }(虽然准确地说它是一个lambda ...这就像一种特殊类型的Proc。如果您有进一步的兴趣,请参阅这些 SO 帖子: and HERE