如何增加堆栈大小以允许更多递归？

Question

我是运行在处理递归方法，但是当作业太大的时候，报错：

crashed in event thread due to Timeout occurred while waiting for packet 139.

但是当递归很小的时候就可以了。对于更大的递归问题，有没有办法增加堆栈？

这是我的代码，用于在屏幕上绘制图形。它适用于小数字，但不适用于大数字。

boolean pit;
int xc;
int yc;
color negro;
color rojo;
color c;
long tiempoI;
long tiempoF;
long espera;
void setup(){
  size(500,500);
  negro=color(0,0,0);
  negro=color(0,0,0);
  rojo=#FF0000;
  pit=false;
  tiempoI=millis();
  tiempoF=millis();
  espera=5;
}
void draw(){
  background(240);
  noSmooth();
  //dibujarRectangulo(0,0,300,300);
  rect(0,0,100,100);
  if(pit){
    pintar(xc,yc);
  }
}
void mousePressed() {
  xc=mouseX;
  yc=mouseY;
  pit=true;
  loadPixels();
  c=pixels[xc+(width*yc)];
  println(red(c)+" "+green(c)+" "+blue(c));


}
public void pintar(int x,int y){
  if(x<width&&x>0&&y<height&&y>0){
    stroke(rojo);
    c=get(x,y);
    if(c!=rojo&&c!=negro){
      point(x,y);
    }
    c=get(x+1,y);
    if(c!=rojo&&c!=negro){
      pintar(x+1,y);
    }

    c=get(x-1,y);
    if(c!=rojo&&c!=negro){
      pintar(x-1,y);
    }

    c=get(x,y+1);
    if(c!=rojo&&c!=negro){
      pintar(x,y+1);
    }

    c=get(x,y-1);
    if(c!=rojo&&c!=negro  ){
      pintar(x,y-1);
    }

  }
}

回溯：

crashed in event thread due to Timeout occurred while waiting for packet 139. org.eclipse.jdi.TimeoutException: Timeout occurred while waiting for packet 139. at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:186) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:197) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:191) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:226) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.ThreadReferenceImpl.frames(ThreadReferenceImpl.java:257) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.ThreadReferenceImpl.frames(ThreadReferenceImpl.java:240) at processing.mode.java.runner.Runner.findException(Runner.java:888) at processing.mode.java.runner.Runner.reportException(Runner.java:871) at processing.mode.java.runner.Runner.exceptionEvent(Runner.java:797) at processing.mode.java.runner.Runner.run(Runner.java:688) org.eclipse.jdi.TimeoutException: Timeout occurred while waiting for packet 140. at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:186) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:197) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:191) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:226) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.VirtualMachineImpl.exit(VirtualMachineImpl.java:716) at processing.mode.java.runner.Runner.close(Runner.java:961) at processing.mode.java.JavaEditor.handleStop(JavaEditor.java:728) at processing.mode.java.JavaToolbar.handlePressed(JavaToolbar.java:96) at processing.app.EditorToolbar.mousePressed(EditorToolbar.java:474) at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.access0(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source) org.eclipse.jdi.TimeoutException: Timeout occurred while waiting for packet 141. at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:186) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:197) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:191) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:226) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.VirtualMachineImpl.exit(VirtualMachineImpl.java:716) at processing.mode.java.runner.Runner.close(Runner.java:961) at processing.mode.java.JavaEditor.handleStop(JavaEditor.java:728) at processing.mode.java.JavaToolbar.handlePressed(JavaToolbar.java:96) at processing.app.EditorToolbar.mousePressed(EditorToolbar.java:474) at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.access0(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source) org.eclipse.jdi.TimeoutException: Timeout occurred while waiting for packet 142. at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:186) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.connect.PacketReceiveManager.getReply(PacketReceiveManager.java:197) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:191) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.MirrorImpl.requestVM(MirrorImpl.java:226) at org.eclipse.jdi.internal.VirtualMachineImpl.exit(VirtualMachineImpl.java:716) at processing.mode.java.runner.Runner.close(Runner.java:961) at processing.mode.java.JavaEditor.handleStop(JavaEditor.java:728) at processing.mode.java.JavaToolbar.handlePressed(JavaToolbar.java:96) at processing.app.EditorToolbar.mousePressed(EditorToolbar.java:474) at java.awt.Component.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at javax.swing.JComponent.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.processEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.processEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.retargetMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.processMouseEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.LightweightDispatcher.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.access0(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.run(Unknown Source) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.ProtectionDomain.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)

Answer 1

您可能在收到 Whosebug 异常之前达到了递归调用的最大数量。我建议在 Java 控制面板中更改堆 space 大小。

Go to the Control Panel in Windows.

Click on Java.

Go to the Java tab and click on View.

You will see a section called Runtime Parameters. Double click on that column (make sure you double click on the version you are currently using). This will allow you to edit it.
There are a few ways to set your heap size. I will list them:
  -Xms<size>        set initial Java heap size

  -Xmx<size>        set maximum Java heap size

  -Xss<size>        set java thread stack size
As an example, I have set mine to: -Xms512m. Don't forget to Apply/Save the changes made.

对于Eclipse，还可以设置堆space:

In Run->Run Configuration find the Name of the class you have been running, select it, click the Arguments tab then add: -Xms512M -Xmx1524M to the VM Arguments section

Answer 2

递归时可能会超出堆栈。你的树不应该太深。看到一些考虑 .

但是，根据您提供的堆栈跟踪和代码，问题不在这部分代码中。根据堆栈跟踪，看起来您递归调用了一些 GUI 方法或鼠标事件处理方法，而不是 pintar() 方法。

Answer 3

它可能只是速度慢。从 100 x 100 图像变为 500 x 500 图像会将像素数从 10,000 增加到 250,000。这是一个很大的飞跃。而且您的递归方法最终将对每个像素进行多次调用。这可能会使事情陷入困境。

要查看是否是这种情况，请尝试逐渐增加图像大小，并在图像大小增加时计算程序所需的时间。您可以预计 500x500 版本所花的时间是 100x100 版本的 25 倍。这对你来说是合理的执行时间吗？

如果是这样的性能问题，请查看是否可以将其切换为迭代实现，并可能将 stroke() 调用提升到循环之外。

还要注意 draw() 是在循环内调用的，除非你用 noLoop() 和 redraw() 控制它。你可能想在这里做。您的 draw() 在较大的图像上可能足够慢，以至于它不能运行在其分配的时间片内，并且 draw() 调用和事件处理正在得到备份。

Answer 4

您的错误确实是由过多的递归引起的 Whosebug，但处理过程中会用您看到的奇怪错误来弥补这一点。关于该错误的文档是 here.

您可以增加 Java 堆栈大小以增加递归调用的限制。可以找到信息 here，但要点是您必须在运行时将 -Xss 设置传递到 Java。

但是，该设置要求您运行您的草图作为 Java 应用程序。这是可能的，但它涉及将草图导出为 jar，然后运行通过命令提示符打开 jar，或切换到 eclipse。这比简单地点击 Processing 中的运行按钮要多得多 - 而且您发送 jar 的任何用户都必须做同样的事情。

相反，您可能应该重构您的算法以消除过多的递归。

如何增加堆栈大小以允许更多递归？

How to increase stack size to allow more recursion?

java

processing

recursion