$q.defer() 不适用于 Angular 服务

$q.defer() not working with Angular service

我是 angular 的 $q 的新手,我正在尝试构建一个服务来进行 API 调用并将其 returns 返回给控制器。

问题:无论我如何格式化它,服务 returns 就在它到达 $http.get(...)

之前

服务:

   // methods: query new, get existing
  makeRequest: function(url, following) {
      // create promise
      var deferred = $q.defer();

      $http.get(url, {
          params: {
              "following": JSON.stringify(following)
          }
      })
          .then(function(res) {

              console.log(res);
              deferred.resolve(res.data);
          });

      return deferred.promise;
  },

  getFeed: function(user) {
      console.log('>> userService[getUser]: retrieving user...');


      if (!this.activities) {
          // Request has not been made, setting user profile. 
          console.log('>> userService[getUser]: No user stored, making request...');
          var following = this.compileArray(user);
          console.log(following);
          this.activities = this.makeRequest('api/network/activities', following);
      };

      // Return the myObject stored on the service
      return this.activities;
  }

控制器

$scope.recentActivity = activityService.getFeed(profile);

// also tried
activityService.getFeed(profile).then(function (res) {
                  $scope.recentActivity = res;
                  console.log(res);
                }); 

编辑:9:40am 2015 年 5 月 6 日

如果可能,我想从服务中检索控制器中的 activity 列表,就像它是新的一样(使用 .then)。这可能/不好的做法吗?

  getFeed: function(user) {
    if (!this.activities) { 
      ...
    } else {
      feedPromise = $q(function(resolve){ resolve(this.activities) });
      console.log(feedPromise);
      // returns: {$$state: Object, then: function, catch: function, finally: function}

      feedPromise.then(function(res) {
        console.log(res);
        // returns: undefined
      });

      console.log(that.activities);
      // Works, returns list of activities. 

   }

我认为如果您想拥有响应对象,则需要使用 .success 而不是 .then。

$http.get(url, {
         params: {
          "following": JSON.stringify(following)
      }
  })
      .success(function(res) {

          console.log(res);
          deferred.resolve(res.data);
      });

在了解了@New Dev 在评论中指出的 deferred anti-pattern 之后,我编辑了这个答案。详细解释请看@New Dev 的回答。感谢@New Dev.

服务

    makeRequest: function(url, following) {
        return $http.get(url, {
                params: {
                    "following": JSON.stringify(following)
                }
            }).then(function(res) {
                return res.data;
            });
    },    
    getFeed: function(user) {

        var that = this;

        if (!that.activities) {
            var following = that.compileArray(user);

            return that.makeRequest('api/network/activities', following)        
                .then(function(activities){
                    that.activities = activities;
                    return that.activities;
                });
        } else {
            return $q(function(resolve) {
                resolve(that.activities);
            });
        }    
    }

控制器

    activityService
        .getFeed(profile)
        .then(function (activities) {
            $scope.recentActivity = activities;                 
        });

没有必要使用 $q.defer 除非你将带有回调的非基于承诺的 API 转换为基于承诺的 API (即便如此,它也是建议使用 $q(function(resolve, reject){...}))。

$http 已经 return 是一个承诺 - 只是 return 那个 (或链式 .then 承诺);

var httpResponsePromise = $http.get(url); // returns a promise
var actualDataPromise = httpResponsePromise.then(function(resp){ return resp.data; });

return actualDataPromise;

或更短(和典型):

return $http.get(url).then(function(response){ 
   return response.data;
});

其次,承诺-returning API return承诺 - 而不是结果 - 立即,同步。您需要 .then 才能得到结果。

最后,一旦 API 是异步的,它就应该始终是异步的 - 不要将其转换为同步或有时同步的 API。因此,在任何地方,一直到数据的最终接收者,您都需要使用 .then 处理程序。

因此,您的服务 API 可以变得非常简单:

makeRequest: function(url, following){
   return $http.get(url, {params: { "following": following }})
             .then(function(response){
                return response.data;
             });
},

getFeed: function(user) {
   var that = this;

   var feedPromise;

   if (!that.activities) {
      var following = this.compileArray(user);

      feedPromise = this.makeRequest('api/network/activities', following)
          .then(function(activities){
             that.activities = activities;
             return activities;
          });
   } else {
      feedPromise = $q(function(resolve){ resolve(that.activities); });
      // or you could have cached the old feedPromise and returned that
   }

   return feedPromise;
}

控制器中的用法与任何其他基于 promise 的用法一样 API:

activityService.getFeed(profile)
   .then(function(activities) {
      $scope.recentActivity = activities;
   });