Python

Question

我有一个文本文件，我想 match/findall/parse 某些字符之间的所有字符 ([\n" 要匹配的文本 "\n])。文本本身在结构和包含的字符方面可能彼此有很大差异（它们可以包含所有可能的字符）。

我之前发过这个问题（抱歉重复了），但到目前为止问题还没有解决，所以现在我想更准确地描述这个问题。

文件中的文本是这样构建的：

    test =""" 
        [
        "this is a text and its supposed to contain every possible char."
        ], 
        [
        "like *.;#]§< and many "" more."
        ], 
        [
        "plus there are even
newlines

in it."
        ]"""

我想要的输出应该是一个列表（例如），分隔符之间的每个文本作为一个元素，如下所示：

['this is a text and its supposed to contain every possible char.', 'like *.;#]§< and many "" more.', 'plus there are even newlines in it.']

我尝试用 Regex 和两个解决方案来解决这个问题，我想出了相应的输出：

my_list = re.findall(r'(?<=\[\n {8}\").*(?=\"\n {8}\])', test)
print (my_list)

['this is a text and its supposed to contain every possible char.', 'like *.;#]§< and many "" more.']

好吧，这个已经很接近了。它按预期列出了前两个元素，但不幸的是没有列出第三个元素，因为它里面有换行符。

my_list = re.findall(r'(?<=\[\n {8}\")[\s\S]*(?=\"\n {8}\])', test)
print (my_list)

['this is a text and its supposed to contain every possible char."\n        ], \n        [\n        "like *.;#]§< and many "" more."\n        ], \n        [\n        "plus there are even\nnewlines\n        \n        in it.']

好的，这次每个元素都包含在内，但列表中只有一个元素，而且前瞻似乎没有像我想象的那样工作。

那么什么是正确的正则表达式来获得我想要的输出？为什么第二种方法不包括前瞻？

或者是否有更干净、更快速的方法来获得我想要的东西（beautifulsoup 或其他方法？）？

非常感谢您的帮助和提示。

我正在使用 python 3.6.

Answer 1

您应该使用 DOTALL 标志来匹配换行符

print(re.findall(r'\[\n\s+"(.*?)"\n\s+\]', test, re.DOTALL))

输出

['this is a text and its supposed to contain every possible char.', 'like *.;#]§< and many "" more.', 'plus there are even\nnewlines\n\nin it.']

Answer 2

你可以使用模式

(?s)\[[^"]*"(.*?)"[^]"]*\]

捕获括号内 " 内的每个元素：

https://regex101.com/r/SguEAU/1

然后，您可以使用带有 re.sub 的列表推导式将每个捕获的子字符串中的白色 space 字符（包括换行符）替换为单个正常的 space:

test ="""
    [
    "this is a text and its supposed to contain every possible char."
    ],
    [
    "like *.;#]§< and many "" more."
    ],
    [
    "plus there are even
newlines

in it."
    ]"""

output = [re.sub('\s+', ' ', m.group(1)) for m in re.finditer(r'(?s)\[[^"]*"(.*?)"[^]"]*\]', test)]

结果：

['this is a text and its supposed to contain every possible char.', 'like *.;#]§< and many "" more.', 'plus there are even newlines in it.']

Python - 正则表达式 - 匹配特定字符之间的字符

Python - Regex - match characters between certain characters

regex

character

match

findall