如何使用 blazor 创建 cookie 客户端

How do I create a cookie client side using blazor

我有一个登录页面,服务器会获取大量数据,然后我想获取其中一些数据并使用客户端上的 Blazor 将其保存到 cookie 中。

首先,我已经成功注入了 IHttpContextAccessor。现在在我的 Blazor 函数中我有:

httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Response.Cookies.Append("test", "ddd");

在调试中,当我点击上面的代码行时出现错误:

"Headers are read-only, response has already started."

当然我不会在 cookie 中保存 "test" 和 "ddd",我只是想获取一个 cookie 来保存。

您将不得不使用 JS 互操作:

        public async static Task WriteCookieAsync(string name, string value, int days)
        {
           var test = await JSRuntime.Current.InvokeAsync<object>("blazorExtensions.WriteCookie", name, value, days);
        }

从ASP.NET Core 3.0.0-preview3 ([Discussion] Microsoft.Interop.JSRuntime.Current has been removed)开始,Current 属性不可用,所以使用下面的代码:

var test = await JSRuntime.InvokeAsync<string>("blazorExtensions.WriteCookie", name, value, days);

别忘了在顶部注入 IJSRuntime:

@inject IJSRuntime JSRuntime

还有这个 JS:

window.blazorExtensions = {

WriteCookie: function (name, value, days) {

    var expires;
    if (days) {
        var date = new Date();
        date.setTime(date.getTime() + (days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000));
        expires = "; expires=" + date.toGMTString();
    }
    else {
        expires = "";
    }
    document.cookie = name + "=" + value + expires + "; path=/";
}
}

您可以在Host.cshtml<script>标签中添加@Flores解释的javaScript

<script>
window.blazorExtensions = {

    WriteCookie: function (name, value, days) {

        var expires;
        if (days) {
            var date = new Date();
            date.setTime(date.getTime() + (days * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000));
            expires = "; expires=" + date.toGMTString();
        }
        else {
            expires = "";
        }
        document.cookie = name + "=" + value + expires + "; path=/";
    }
}
</script>

如果你想避免外部脚本依赖

await jsRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("eval", $"document.cookie = \"{cookieValue}\"")

保留以正确转义 cookie 值。

不用脚本也可以这样使用:
首先定义这个服务:

using Microsoft.JSInterop;

namespace MyProject.Utils
{
    public interface ICookie
    {
        public Task SetValue(string key, string value, int? days = null);
        public Task<string> GetValue(string key, string def = "");
    }

    public class Cookie : ICookie
    {
        readonly IJSRuntime JSRuntime;
        string expires = "";

        public Cookie(IJSRuntime jsRuntime)
        {
            JSRuntime = jsRuntime;
            ExpireDays = 300;
        }

        public async Task SetValue(string key, string value, int? days = null)
        {
            var curExp = (days != null) ? (days > 0 ? DateToUTC(days.Value) : "") : expires;
            await SetCookie($"{key}={value}; expires={curExp}; path=/");
        }

        public async Task<string> GetValue(string key, string def = "")
        {
            var cValue = await GetCookie();
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(cValue)) return def;                

            var vals = cValue.Split(';');
            foreach (var val in vals)
                if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(val) && val.IndexOf('=') > 0)
                    if(val.Substring(1, val.IndexOf('=') - 1).Trim().Equals(key, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                        return val.Substring(val.IndexOf('=') + 1);
            return def;
        }

        private async Task SetCookie(string value)
        {
            await JSRuntime.InvokeVoidAsync("eval", $"document.cookie = \"{value}\"");
        }

        private async Task<string> GetCookie()
        {
            return await JSRuntime.InvokeAsync<string>("eval", $"document.cookie");
        }

        public int ExpireDays
        {
            set => expires = DateToUTC(value);
        }

        private static string DateToUTC(int days) => DateTime.Now.AddDays(days).ToUniversalTime().ToString("R");
    }
}

您可以通过 ExpireDays 设置默认过期时间,并在 SetValue() 中将 null 设置为 days 以使用默认值或设置为 0 以使用默认值或天数。
然后导入到_import.razor并添加到Program.cs中的服务:

builder.Services.AddScoped<ICookie, Cookie>();

使用:

@inject ICookie cookie  
...  
await cookie.SetValue("mytest20", "Hello Mohsen!");
_message = await cookie.GetValue("mytest20");

尽情享受吧。

借助 MohsenB provided. I have created a NuGet 为其打包的代码片段。

NuGet 安装:

Install-Package AltairCA.Blazor.WebAssembly.Cookie

Program.cs

builder.Services.AddAltairCACookieService(options =>
{
   options.DefaultExpire = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15);
});

使用示例

注入服务

@inject IAltairCABlazorCookieUtil _cookieUtil;

示例 1

await _cookieUtil.SetValueAsync("cookieName", "value");