Spring 启动 - 测试 - 拆解一个 bean

Question

我使用 @EmbeddedKafka 注释如下来获得一个 kafka 模拟：

@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@SpringBootTest
@EmbeddedKafka(partitions = 1,
    topics = {"topic"},
    brokerProperties = {
        "auto.create.topics.enable=${topics.autoCreate:false}",
        "delete.topic.enable=${topic.delete:true}",
        "broker.id=2"})
public class KafkaUsersTest {
    @Autowired
    private EmbeddedKafkaBroker embeddedKafka;

    @Test
    public void test1() {
        // test something
    }

    @Test
    public void test2() {
        // test something
    }

    ...
}

现在，在测试完成后，我想关闭嵌入式 Kafka bean。像这样：

    @AfterAll
    public void tearDown(){
        embeddedKafka.getKafkaServers().forEach(KafkaServer::shutdown);
        embeddedKafka.getKafkaServers().forEach(KafkaServer::awaitShutdown);
    }

问题是：

@AfterAll 方法只能是静态的。
如果我将其设为静态 - 那么 embeddedKafka 也必须是静态的，@Autowired 注释将不起作用。

我想我可以从其中一个测试中将 bean 转换为静态字段，然后在 tearDown() 中使用它，但这真的很难看。

什么是 "good practice" 在所有测试完成后仅关闭一次 bean？

Answer 1

An @AfterAll method can only be static.

这不是真的。

来自JUnit 5 User Guide：

Denotes that the annotated method should be executed after all @Test, @RepeatedTest, @ParameterizedTest, and @TestFactory methods in the current class; analogous to JUnit 4’s @AfterClass. Such methods are inherited (unless they are hidden or overridden) and must be static (unless the "per-class" test instance lifecycle is used).

如果使用 @TestInstance(Lifecycle.PER_CLASS)，@AfterAll 方法可以是非静态方法。这也记录在 JUnit 5 User Guide:

The "per-class" mode has some additional benefits over the default "per-method" mode. Specifically, with the "per-class" mode it becomes possible to declare @BeforeAll and @AfterAll on non-static methods as well as on interface default methods.

Spring 启动 - 测试 - 拆解一个 bean

Spring Boot - Testing - tearDown for a bean

junit

spring

spring-boot

junit5

spring-boot-test