HTTP 错误 999：请求被拒绝

Question

我正在尝试使用 BeautifulSoup 从 LinkedIn 抓取一些网页，但我一直收到错误 "HTTP Error 999: Request denied"。有没有办法避免这个错误。如果您查看我的代码，我已经尝试过 Mechanize 和 URLLIB2，但两者都给我同样的错误。

from __future__ import unicode_literals
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import urllib2
import csv
import os
import re
import requests
import pandas as pd
import urlparse
import urllib
import urllib2
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulSoup
from BeautifulSoup import BeautifulStoneSoup
import urllib
import urlparse
import pdb
import codecs
from BeautifulSoup import UnicodeDammit
import codecs
import webbrowser
from urlgrabber import urlopen
from urlgrabber.grabber import URLGrabber
import mechanize

fout5 = codecs.open('data.csv','r', encoding='utf-8', errors='replace')

for y in range(2,10,1):


    url = "https://www.linkedin.com/job/analytics-%2b-data-jobs-united-kingdom/?sort=relevance&page_num=1"

    params = {'page_num':y}

    url_parts = list(urlparse.urlparse(url))
    query = dict(urlparse.parse_qsl(url_parts[4]))
    query.update(params)

    url_parts[4] = urllib.urlencode(query)
    y = urlparse.urlunparse(url_parts)
    #print y



    #url = urllib2.urlopen(y)
    #f = urllib2.urlopen(y)

    op = mechanize.Browser() # use mecahnize's browser
    op.set_handle_robots(False) #tell the webpage you're not a robot
    j = op.open(y)
    #print op.title()


    #g = URLGrabber()
    #data = g.urlread(y)
    #data = fo.read()
    #print data

    #html = response.read()
    soup1 = BeautifulSoup(y)
    print soup1

Answer 1

您应该使用 LinkedIn REST API, either directly or using python-linkedin。它允许直接访问数据，而不是试图抓取 JavaScript-heavy 网站。

Answer 2

尝试设置 User-Agent header。在 op.set_handle_robots(False)

之后添加这一行

op.addheaders = [('User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71 Safari/537.36")]

编辑： 如果你想抓取 web-sites，首先检查它是否有 API 或处理 API 的库。

HTTP 错误 999：请求被拒绝

HTTP Error 999: Request denied

python

mechanize

beautifulsoup

linkedin

web-scraping