如何使用 blackbox_exporter 与普罗米修斯 ping 目标

Question

我正在尝试使用 blackbox_exporter 和 prometheus ping 目标列表，但我似乎只能探测 blackbox_exporters 而不是我想检查的实际目标。

我在 blackbox 中找不到任何关于在何处列出目标的文档，所以我做出了一个奇怪的假设，即它使用了 prometheus 配置中提供的目标，但据我所知，这只是让 prometheus 相信有很多黑盒需要探测。

这是我的blackbox_exporter配置

 modules:
  icmp:
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 5s
    icmp:
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4

然而，当我访问 blackbox 的 Web GUI 时，配置包含一堆我没有指定的参数。

modules:
  icmp:
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 5s
    http:
      ip_protocol_fallback: true
    tcp:
      ip_protocol_fallback: true
    icmp:
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4
      ip_protocol_fallback: true
    dns:
      ip_protocol_fallback: true

这是我的普罗米修斯配置

global:
  scrape_interval:     15s
  evaluation_interval: 15s

  - job_name: 'blackbox'
    metrics_path: /probe
    params:
      module: [icmp]
    static_configs:
      - targets:
        - icmp-target1 # supposed to be a switch, router, pc or anything that responds to ping
        - icmp-target2

预期结果：在旅途中的某个地方，我预计我的目标会被黑盒和普罗米修斯收集结果。

实际结果： Prometheus 通过 HTTP 为其目标列表中列出的每个目标发送探测请求。

Answer 1

虽然有点令人困惑，但 blackbox_exporter 自述文件确实解释了如何配置它，请参阅第 Prometheus Configuration。

您的黑盒配置正确。

对于您的 Prometheus 配置，您需要如下内容。我假设黑盒导出器和 Prometheus 位于同一位置（因此 localhost），否则适应。

# this is to scrape blackbox itself (this is optional)
- job_name: blackbox
  static_configs:
  - targets: ['localhost:9115']


- job_name: blackbox-ping
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [icmp]
  static_configs:
    - targets:
      - 192.168.1.1   # <== Put here your targets
  relabel_configs:    # <== This comes from the blackbox exporter README
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: localhost:9115 # Blackbox exporter.

另一个令人困惑的部分是回答问题："How do I use the blackbox exporter for multiple protocols, say ICMP and HTTP?"在这种情况下，有多种选择，但更清楚的是每个协议都有一个部分。这就是我将 ICMP 探测器称为 blackbox-ping 的原因。假设我们也想要 HTTP 探测，我们将添加另一个部分：

- job_name: blackbox-http
  metrics_path: /probe
  params:
    module: [http_2xx]
  static_configs:
    - targets:
      - https://www.google.com  # <== your targets here
  relabel_configs:              # <== This comes from the blackbox exporter README
    - source_labels: [__address__]
      target_label: __param_target
    - source_labels: [__param_target]
      target_label: instance
    - target_label: __address__
      replacement: localhost:9115 # Blackbox exporter.

您还需要相应的黑盒配置：

modules:
  http_2xx:        # <== This is the new section for HTTP
    prober: http
    timeout: 10s   # <== This depends on what you want to do
    http:
      valid_status_codes: []  # Defaults to 2xx
      method: HEAD              # <== This depends on what you want to do
      no_follow_redirects: true # <== this depends on what you want to do
  icmp:                         # <== this is the one you already have
    prober: icmp
    timeout: 10s                # <== This depends on what you want to do
    icmp:
      preferred_ip_protocol: ip4

如何使用 blackbox_exporter 与普罗米修斯 ping 目标

How to ping targets using blackbox_exporter with prometheus

prometheus

prometheus-blackbox-exporter