如何在 Oracle 中找到字符串的精确匹配并替换？

Question

如果 "words" 列中的单词带有超链接及其单词和 ID，我将尝试替换句子中的单词。 table 包含列 id 单词和句子。下面的代码是我从一位乐于助人的伙伴 here.Thank 你那里得到的。

https://dbfiddle.uk/?rdbms=oracle_18&fiddle=8fe103264dc650ad4bd87b20f9c6931a

Create table temp(
  id       NUMBER,
  word     VARCHAR2(1000),
  Sentence VARCHAR2(2000)
);

insert into temp
SELECT 1,'automation testing', 'automtestingation testing is popular kind of testing' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2,'testing','manual testing' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3,'manual testing','this is an old method of testing' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 5,'B-number analysis','B-number analysis table' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 6,'B-number analysis table','testing B-number analysis' FROM DUAL;

MERGE INTO temp dst
USING (
  WITH ordered_words ( rn, id, word ) AS (
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY LENGTH( word ) ASC, word DESC ),
           id,
           word
    FROM   temp
  ),
  sentences ( rid, sentence, rn ) AS (
    SELECT ROWID,
           sentence,
           COUNT(*) OVER () + 1
    FROM temp
  UNION ALL
    SELECT s.rid,
           REGEXP_REPLACE(
             REGEXP_REPLACE(
               s.sentence,
               '(^|[^a-z])' || w.word || '($|[^a-z])',
               '' || 'http://localhost/'|| w.id ||'/<u>'||w.word ||'<u>' || '',
               1,
               0,
               'i'
              ),
             '(^|[^a-z])' || w.word || '($|[^a-z])',
             '' || w.word || '',
               1,
               0,
               'i'
              ),
           s.rn - 1
    FROM   sentences s
           INNER JOIN ordered_words w
           ON ( s.rn - 1 = w.rn ) 
  )
  SELECT rid, sentence
  FROM   sentences
  WHERE  rn = 1
) src
ON ( dst.ROWID = src.RID )
WHEN MATCHED THEN
  UPDATE
  SET    sentence = src.sentence;

要替换的值为https://localhost/"id"/"word" If you see the value for id = 5 (B-number analysis) the sentence is https://localhost/6/localhost/5/B-number analysis table But the actual value is supposed to be https://localhost/6/B数分析table.

当前输出：

ID   WORD                SENTENCE
1   automation testing  automtestingation http://localhost/2/<u>testing<u> 
                        is popular kind of http://localhost/2/<u>testing<u>
2   testing             http://localhost/3/<u>manual 
                        http://localhost/2/<u>testing<u><u>
3   manual testing      this is an old method of 
                        http://localhost/2/<u>testing<u>
5   B-number analysis   http://localhost/6/<u>http://localhost/5/<u>B- 
                        number analysis<u> table<u>
6   B-number analysis table http://localhost/2/<u>testing<u> 
                        http://localhost/5/<u>B-number analysis<u>

Answer 1

分两步完成：

首先用一些不会出现在您的文本中的包装器中的 ID 替换字符串（即 testing 映射到 </code>）</li> <li>然后，完成所有替换后，将包装的 id 替换为 url（即 <code> 映射到 http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>）

Oracle 设置:

Create table temp(
  id       NUMBER,
  word     VARCHAR2(1000),
  Sentence VARCHAR2(2000)
);

insert into temp
SELECT 1,'automation testing', 'automtestingation testing is popular kind of testing' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 2,'testing','manual testing' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 3,'manual testing','this is an old method of testing' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 4,'punctuation','automation testing,manual testing,punctuation,automanual testing-testing' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 5,'B-number analysis','B-number analysis table' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 6,'B-number analysis table','testing B-number analysis' FROM DUAL UNION ALL
SELECT 7,'Not Matched','testing testing testing' FROM DUAL;

合并:

MERGE INTO temp dst
USING (
  WITH ordered_words ( rn, id, word ) AS (
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY LENGTH( word ) ASC, word DESC ),
           id,
           word
    FROM   temp
  ),
  sentences_with_ids ( rid, sentence, rn ) AS (
    SELECT ROWID,
           sentence,
           ( SELECT COUNT(*) + 1 FROM ordered_words )
    FROM   temp
  UNION ALL
    SELECT s.rid,
           REGEXP_REPLACE(
             REGEXP_REPLACE(
               s.sentence,
               '(^|\W)' || w.word || '($|\W)',
               '${'|| w.id ||'}'
              ),
             '(^|\W)' || w.word || '($|\W)',
             '${' || w.id || '}'
           ),
           s.rn - 1
    FROM   sentences_with_ids s
           INNER JOIN ordered_words w
           ON ( s.rn - 1 = w.rn ) 
  ),
  sentences_with_words ( rid, sentence, rn ) AS (
    SELECT rid,
           sentence,
           ( SELECT COUNT(*) + 1 FROM ordered_words )
    FROM   sentences_with_ids
    WHERE  rn = 1
  UNION ALL
    SELECT s.rid,
           REPLACE(
             s.sentence,
             '${' || w.id || '}',
             'http://localhost/' || w.id || '/<u>' || w.word || '</u>'
           ),
           s.rn - 1
    FROM   sentences_with_words s
           INNER JOIN ordered_words w
           ON ( s.rn - 1 = w.rn ) 
  )
  SELECT rid, sentence
  FROM   sentences_with_words
  WHERE  rn = 1
) src
ON ( dst.ROWID = src.RID )
WHEN MATCHED THEN
  UPDATE
  SET    sentence = src.sentence;

输出:

ID | WORD                    | SENTENCE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
-: | :---------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | automation testing      | automtestingation http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> is popular kind of http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>                                                                                                  
 2 | testing                 | http://localhost/3/<u>manual testing</u>                                                                                                                                                                  
 3 | manual testing          | this is an old method of http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>                                                                                                                                                
 4 | punctuation             | http://localhost/1/<u>automation testing</u>,http://localhost/3/<u>manual testing</u>,http://localhost/4/<u>punctuation</u>,automanual http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>-http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>
 5 | B-number analysis       | http://localhost/6/<u>B-number analysis table</u>                                                                                                                                                         
 6 | B-number analysis table | http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> http://localhost/5/<u>B-number analysis</u>                                                                                                                             
 7 | Not Matched             | http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>

db<>fiddle here

更新:

对单词中的任何特殊正则表达式字符进行转义：

MERGE INTO temp dst
USING (
  WITH ordered_words ( rn, id, word, regex_safe_word ) AS (
    SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER ( ORDER BY LENGTH( word ) ASC, word DESC ),
           id,
           word,
           REGEXP_REPLACE( word, '([][)(}{|^$\.*+?])', '\' )
    FROM   temp
  ),
  sentences_with_ids ( rid, sentence, rn ) AS (
    SELECT ROWID,
           sentence,
           ( SELECT COUNT(*) + 1 FROM ordered_words )
    FROM   temp
  UNION ALL
    SELECT s.rid,
           REGEXP_REPLACE(
             REGEXP_REPLACE(
               s.sentence,
               '(^|\W)' || w.regex_safe_word || '($|\W)',
               '${'|| w.id ||'}'
              ),
             '(^|\W)' || w.regex_safe_word || '($|\W)',
             '${' || w.id || '}'
           ),
           s.rn - 1
    FROM   sentences_with_ids s
           INNER JOIN ordered_words w
           ON ( s.rn - 1 = w.rn ) 
  ),
  sentences_with_words ( rid, sentence, rn ) AS (
    SELECT rid,
           sentence,
           ( SELECT COUNT(*) + 1 FROM ordered_words )
    FROM   sentences_with_ids
    WHERE  rn = 1
  UNION ALL
    SELECT s.rid,
           REPLACE(
             s.sentence,
             '${' || w.id || '}',
             'http://localhost/' || w.id || '/<u>' || w.word || '</u>'
           ),
           s.rn - 1
    FROM   sentences_with_words s
           INNER JOIN ordered_words w
           ON ( s.rn - 1 = w.rn ) 
  )
  SELECT rid, sentence
  FROM   sentences_with_words
  WHERE  rn = 1
) src
ON ( dst.ROWID = src.RID )
WHEN MATCHED THEN
  UPDATE
  SET    sentence = src.sentence;

输出:

ID | WORD                    | SENTENCE                                                                                                                                                                                                  
-: | :---------------------- | :---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | automation testing      | automtestingation http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> is popular kind of http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>                                                                                                  
 2 | testing                 | http://localhost/3/<u>manual testing</u>                                                                                                                                                                  
 3 | manual testing          | this is an old method of http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>                                                                                                                                                
 4 | punctuation             | http://localhost/1/<u>automation testing</u>,http://localhost/3/<u>manual testing</u>,http://localhost/4/<u>punctuation</u>,automanual http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>-http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>
 5 | B-number analysis       | http://localhost/6/<u>B-number analysis table</u>                                                                                                                                                         
 6 | B-number analysis table | http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> http://localhost/5/<u>B-number analysis</u>                                                                                                                             
 7 | Not Matched             | http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u>                                                                                                     
 8 | ^[($                    | http://localhost/2/<u>testing</u> characters http://localhost/8/<u>^[($</u> that need escaping in a regular expression

db<>fiddle here

如何在 Oracle 中找到字符串的精确匹配并替换？

How to find the exact match of a string and replace in Oracle?

regex

oracle

replace

pattern-matching

regexp-replace