运行 在 android 工作室中使用 UI 个测试用例进行测试

Question

我正在尝试在我当前工作的应用程序中添加 UI 个测试用例。 为此，我在 app/src/androidtest/java/com.testapp

中添加了这个

import androidx.test.espresso.Espresso.onView
import androidx.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.*
import androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith

/**
 * Instrumented test, which will execute on an Android device.
 *l
 * See [testing documentation](http://d.android.com/tools/testing).
 */
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class ExampleInstrumentedTest {


    @Test
    fun loginActivityTest() {
// Type text and then press the button.
        onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserName)).perform(typeText(STRING_EMAIL),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserPassword)).perform(typeText(STRING_PASSWORD),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.btnLoginSigin)).perform(click())

        // This view is in a different Activity, no need to tell Espresso.
//        onView(withId(R.id.show_text_view)).check(matches(withText(STRING_TO_BE_TYPED)))
    }

    companion object {
        val STRING_EMAIL = "test@test.com"
        val STRING_PASSWORD = "test1234"
    }
}

在 build.gradle 中添加：

// Testing-only dependencies
androidTestImplementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:core:' + rootProject.coreVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:core-ktx:' + rootProject.coreVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:' + rootProject.extJUnitVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit-ktx:' + rootProject.extJUnitVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:' + rootProject.runnerVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:' + rootProject.espressoVersion

testImplementation 'androidx.test:core:' + rootProject.coreVersion;
testImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:' + rootProject.extJUnitVersion
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:' + rootProject.robolectricVersion
testImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:' + rootProject.espressoVersion
testImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:' + rootProject.espressoVersion
testImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:' + rootProject.extTruthVersion


//Test
buildToolsVersion = "28.0.3"
androidxLibVersion = "1.0.0"
robolectricVersion = "4.3"
extTruthVersion = '1.3.0-alpha02'
coreVersion = "1.2.1-alpha02"
extJUnitVersion = "1.1.2-alpha02"
runnerVersion = "1.3.0-alpha02"
espressoVersion = "3.3.0-alpha02"

但在将配置编辑为 运行 后仅测试 class。 我收到错误：

    Task :app:compileappnameqaDebugAndroidTestJavaWithJavac FAILED
F:\test_project\Android_new\app\build\generated\source\buildConfig\androidTest\debug\com\appname\test\BuildConfig.java:17: error: cannot find symbol
  public static final int appIcon = R.mipmap.ic_launcher;
                                     ^
  symbol:   variable mipmap
  location: class R
F:\test_project\Android_new\app\build\generated\source\buildConfig\androidTest\debug\test\com\appname\test\BuildConfig.java:23: error: cannot find symbol
  public static final int splashImage = R.drawable.splash;
                                         ^
  symbol:   variable drawable
  location: class R
2 errors

任何人都可以帮助我知道如何 运行 我的应用程序中的 UI 测试用例吗？

Answer 1

从插装测试用例 ExampleInstrumentedTest 中，我无法找到您在何处启动 activity 来模拟用户操作。请先尝试启动 activity 然后执行测试用例。例如，如果您的 activity 是 LoginActivity

    @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
    public class SampleTest {

      @Rule
      public ActivityTestRule<LoginActivity> activityRule 
         = new ActivityTestRule<>(
            LoginActivity.class,
            true,     // initialTouchMode
            false);   // launchActivity. False to customize the intent

      @Test
      public void loginActivityTest() {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        activityRule.launchActivity(intent);

onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserName)).perform(typeText(STRING_EMAIL),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserPassword)).perform(typeText(STRING_PASSWORD),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.btnLoginSigin)).perform(click())
      }
    }

Answer 2

添加行后：

@get:Rule val activityRule = activityScenarioRule<LoginActivity>()

我仍然面临同样的问题 issue.Then 我复制了创建的可绘制文件和 mipmap 文件 res/drawable 和 res/mipmap 并将这些文件粘贴到文件夹中。 结果消除了 BuildConfig 错误。然后我开始面临错误：

Command line is too long. Shorten command line for 'testconfiguration' or also for Android JUnit default Configuration

要克服这个问题： select option "classpath file" 在测试配置设置中，运行 测试。