将 XML-Blob 转换为关系 table

Question

我在 SQL Server 2017 中有一个 table，包括 XML-blob，我想将数据转换为关系 table。我正在尝试在 SQL 服务器中使用 OPENXML 和 sp_xml_preparedocument 过程。 XML-blob 有点特殊（像往常一样），我找不到编写代码的正确方法。请参阅示例。请任何人帮助我

DECLARE @XML AS XML, @hDoc AS INT

SET @XML = '<reports xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:d1p1="http://www.uc.se/schemas/ucOrderReply/" d1p1:lang="swe">
                                       <d1p1:report d1p1:id="6611231234" d1p1:name="Full name" d1p1:styp="F31" d1p1:index="0">
                                                  <d1p1:group d1p1:id="W080" d1p1:index="0" d1p1:key="" d1p1:name="ID-uppgifter, fysiker">
                                                              <d1p1:term d1p1:id="W08001">9761123768</d1p1:term>
                                                              <d1p1:term d1p1:id="W08002">6611231234</d1p1:term>
                                                              <d1p1:term d1p1:id="W08003">First name</d1p1:term>
                                                              <d1p1:term d1p1:id="W08004">Old road 174</d1p1:term>
                                                              <d1p1:term d1p1:id="W08005">17464</d1p1:term>
                                                              <d1p1:term d1p1:id="W08006">city</d1p1:term>
                                                  </d1p1:group>
                                       </d1p1:report>
                                     </reports>'

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @hDoc OUTPUT, @XML, '<reports xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:d1p1="http://www.uc.se/schemas/ucOrderReply/" d1p1:lang="swe"/>'

SELECT id--, name, W08001, W08002, W08003, W08004, W08005, W08006            -- This is what I want
FROM OPENXML(@hDoc, 'd1p1:reports/d1p1:report/d1p1:group/d1p1:term') -- I'm not sure about this path
WITH
(
id [varchar](50) '@id'   -- This is not work
--, name
--, W08001
--, W08002
--, W08003
--, W08004
--, W08005
--, W08006
)

EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @hDoc
GO

Answer 1

考虑到您的 XML，您 必须遵守 XML 文档中定义的 XML 命名空间！此外，我强烈建议使用内置的 XQuery 函数并避免旧的OPENXML东西。

所以试试这个：

;WITH XMLNAMESPACES('http://www.uc.se/schemas/ucOrderReply/' AS ns)
SELECT
    Id = xc.value('@ns:id', 'bigint'),
    Name = xc.value('@ns:name', 'varchar(25)'),
    NodeValue = xc2.value('(.)', 'varchar(50)')
FROM
    @XML.nodes('/reports/ns:report') AS XT(XC)
CROSS APPLY
    xc.nodes('ns:group/ns:term') AS XT2(XC2)

这应该 return 像这样：

Answer 2

我知道已经有了答案，但我现在正在使用的唯一目的是帮助他人。我创建了一个 table 值函数，如下所示（见下文）。好处是，无论您将哪个 XML 传递给函数，它都会将其转换为您可以查询的 table，插入另一个 table，等等。它有对我很有用。

注意：有些 xml 在顶部元素有一些带有名称空间等的特殊字符。其中一些在使用该函数之前需要稍微清理一下，但我在不到 1 分钟的时间内发生了这种情况我使用它的案例百分比。

用法：Select * 来自 [Utility].FlattenXml

CREATE FUNCTION [Utility].[FlattenXml](@xmlDoc XML)  
RETURNS TABLE 
AS RETURN 
WITH CTE AS ( 

    SELECT 
            1 AS lvl,  
            x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS Name,  
            CAST(NULL AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS ParentName, 
            CAST(1 AS INT) AS ParentPosition, 
            CAST(N'Element' AS NVARCHAR(20)) AS NodeType,  
            x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS FullPath,  
            x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)')  
            + N'[' 
            + CAST(ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) AS NVARCHAR)  
            + N']' AS XPath,  
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) AS Position, 
            x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS Tree,  
            x.value('text()[1]','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS Value,  
            x.query('.') AS this,         
            x.query('*') AS t,  
            CAST(CAST(1 AS VARBINARY(4)) AS VARBINARY(MAX)) AS Sort,  
            CAST(1 AS INT) AS ID  
    FROM @xmlDoc.nodes('/*') a(x)  
    UNION ALL 
    SELECT 
            p.lvl + 1 AS lvl,  
            c.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS Name,  
            CAST(p.Name AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS ParentName, 
            CAST(p.Position AS INT) AS ParentPosition, 
            CAST(N'Element' AS NVARCHAR(20)) AS NodeType,  
            CAST(p.FullPath + N'/' + c.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS FullPath,  
            CAST(p.XPath + N'/'+ c.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)')+ N'['+ CAST(ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY c.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)') 
            ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) AS NVARCHAR)+ N']' AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS XPath,  
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY c.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)')
            ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) AS Position, 
            CAST( SPACE(2 * p.lvl - 1) + N'|' + REPLICATE(N'-', 1) + c.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS NVARCHAR(MAX)) AS Tree,  
            CAST( c.value('text()[1]','NVARCHAR(MAX)') AS NVARCHAR(MAX) ) AS Value, c.query('.') AS this,  
            c.query('*') AS t,  
            CAST(p.Sort + CAST( (lvl + 1) * 1024 + (ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) * 2) AS VARBINARY(4)) AS VARBINARY(MAX) ) AS Sort,  
            CAST((lvl + 1) * 1024 + (ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY (SELECT 1)) * 2) AS INT)

    FROM CTE p  
    CROSS APPLY p.t.nodes('*') b(c)), cte2 AS (  
                                                SELECT 
                                                lvl AS Depth,  
                                                Name AS NodeName,  
                                                ParentName, 
                                                ParentPosition, 
                                                NodeType,  
                                                FullPath,  
                                                XPath,  
                                                Position, 
                                                Tree AS TreeView,  
                                                Value,  
                                                this AS XMLData,  
                                                Sort, 
                                                ID
                                                FROM cte  
    UNION ALL 
    SELECT 
            p.lvl,  
            x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)'),  
            p.Name, 
            p.Position, 
            CAST(N'Attribute' AS NVARCHAR(20)),  
            p.FullPath + N'/@' + x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)'),  
            p.XPath + N'/@' + x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)'),  
            1, 
            SPACE(2 * p.lvl - 1) + N'|' + REPLICATE('-', 1)  
            + N'@' + x.value('local-name(.)','NVARCHAR(MAX)'),  
            x.value('.','NVARCHAR(MAX)'),  
            NULL,  
            p.Sort,  
            p.ID + 1  
    FROM CTE p  
    CROSS APPLY this.nodes('/*/@*') a(x)  
    )  
    SELECT 
            ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY Sort, ID) AS ID,  
            ParentName, ParentPosition,Depth, NodeName, Position,   
            NodeType, FullPath, XPath, TreeView, Value, XMLData 
    FROM CTE2

将 XML-Blob 转换为关系 table

Convert XML-Blob to relational table

xml

sql

sql-server

openxml