Powershell "Exit" 表现不正常

Question

今天我的一个 PowerShell 脚本中出现了一个奇怪的问题：

环境信息：我所说的 PowerShell 脚本正在被 VBScript 调用。

if($VM -eq "Yes") {
    添加 PSSnapin VMware.VimAutomation.Core
    连接-VIServer -服务器 $VMHost -用户 $VMUser -密码 $VMPassword
    $快照 = $null
    尝试 {
        $Snapshot = New-Snapshot -Name $NameofSnapshot -VM $ServerName -Memory
        $CurrentPatchingState = "1;$Servername;Status=1;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') 创建快照" | Out-File -Filepath "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII
    } 抓住 [system.exception] {
        $CurrentPatchingState = "2;$Servername;Status=2;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') 无法拍摄快照 - 中止" | Out-File -Filepath "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII
        断开连接-VIServer -Server $VMHost -Confirm:$false
        退出
    }

    如果（$快照-eq $null）{
        $CurrentPatchingState = "2;$Servername;Status=2;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') 无法获得干净的快照 - 中止" | Out-File -Filepath "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII
        断开连接-VIServer -Server $VMHost -Confirm:$false
        退出
    }
}

今天脚本在这部分失败了。日志文件显示：

2;xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx;Status=2;18.01.2015 11:01:51 Wasnt able to take a Snapshot - Aborting
2;xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx;Status=2;18.01.2015 11:01:51 Wasnt able to get a Clean Snapshot - Aborting

这怎么会发生，因为脚本应该在第一次捕获时停止？

Answer 1

AFAICS 代码应该符合您的预期。要缓解此问题，您可以将内部 if 语句移动到 try 块中。我还将断开连接语句移动到 finally 块。

if($VM -eq "Yes") {
    Add-PSSnapin VMware.VimAutomation.Core
    Connect-VIServer -Server $VMHost -User $VMUser -Password $VMPassword
    $Snapshot = $null
    Try {
        $Snapshot = New-Snapshot -Name $NameofSnapshot -VM $ServerName -Memory
        $CurrentPatchingState = "1;$Servername;Status=1;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') Created Snapshot" | Out-File -Filepath  "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII 
        <b>if ($Snapshot -eq $null) {
            $CurrentPatchingState = "2;$Servername;Status=2;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') Wasnt able to get a Clean Snapshot - Aborting" | Out-File -Filepath  "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII 
            exit
        }</b>
    } Catch [system.exception] {
        $CurrentPatchingState = "2;$Servername;Status=2;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') Wasnt able to take a Snapshot - Aborting" | Out-File -Filepath  "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII 
        exit
    } <b>finally {
        Disconnect-VIServer -Server $VMHost -Confirm:$false
    }</b>
}

Answer 2

试试这个：

    Try {
            $Snapshot = New-Snapshot -Name $NameofSnapshot -VM $ServerName -Memory -ErrorAction Stop
            $CurrentPatchingState = "1;$Servername;Status=1;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') Created Snapshot" | Out-File -Filepath  "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII 
        }
Catch {
            $CurrentPatchingState = "2;$Servername;Status=2;$(Get-Date -format 'dd.MM.yyyy hh:mm:ss') Wasnt able to take a Snapshot - Aborting" | Out-File -Filepath  "C:$Servername.txt" -Append -encoding ASCII 
            Disconnect-VIServer -Server $VMHost -Confirm:$false
            exit
        }

只有在 Try 块中发生终止错误时才会执行 Catch 块。添加“-ErrorAction Stop”可确保快照创建期间的任何错误都将被视为终止错误。

其次，删除 Catch 块开头的“[system.exception]”。这确保了 Catch 块将适用于任何类型的异常。

Powershell "Exit" 表现不正常

Powershell "Exit" not behaving like it should

powershell

exception-handling

exit