如何解决我不断收到的这个关键错误？
How do I fix this key error I keep getting?
import math
import random
import pygame
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
class cube(object):
rows = 20
w = 500
def __init__(self,start,dirnx=1,dirny=0,color=(255,0,0)):
self.pos = start
self.dirnx = 1
self.dirny = 0
self.color = color
def move(self, dirnx, dirny):
self.dirnx = dirnx
self.dirny = dirny
self.pos = (self.pos[0] + self.dirnx, self.pos[1] + self.dirny)
def draw(self, surface):
dis = self.w // self.rows
i = self.pos[0]
j = self.pos[1]
pygame.draw.rect(surface, self.color, (i*dis+1, j*dis+1, dis-2, dis-2))
if eyes:
centre = dis//2
radius = 3
circleMiddle = (i*dis+centre-radius,j*dis+8)
circleMiddle2 = (i*dis + dis -radius*2, j*dis+8)
pygame.draw.circle(surface, (0,0,0), circleMiddle, radius)
pygame.draw.circle(surface, (0,0,0), circleMiddle2, radius)
class snake(object):
body = []
turns = {}
def __init__(self, color, pos):
self.color = color
self.head = cube(pos)
self.body.append(self.head)
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = 1
def move(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
for key in keys:
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.dirnx = -1
self.dirny = 0
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.dirnx = 1
self.dirny = 0
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
elif keys[pygame.K_UP]:
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = -1
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
elif keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = 1
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
for i, c in enumerate(self.body):
p = c.pos[:]
if p in self.turns:
turn = self.turns[p]
c.move(turn[0], turn[1])
if i == len(self.body)-1:
print(p, '-', self.turns)
self.turns.pop(p)
else:
if c.dirnx == -1 and c.pos[0] <= 0: c.pos = (c.rows-1, c.pos[1])
elif c.dirnx == 1 and c.pos[0] >= c.rows-1: c.pos = (0,c.pos[1])
elif c.dirny == 1 and c.pos[1] >= c.rows-1: c.pos = (c.pos[0], 0)
elif c.dirny == -1 and c.pos[1] <= 0: c.pos = (c.pos[0], c.rows-1)
else: c.move(c.dirnx, c.dirny)
def reset(self, pos):
self.head = cube(pos)
self.body = []
self.body.append(self.head)
self.turns = {}
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = 1
def addCube(self):
tail = self.body[-1]
dx, dy = tail.dirnx, tail.dirny
if dx == 1 and dy == 0:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0]-1, tail.pos[1])))
elif dx == 1 and dy == 0:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0]+1, tail.pos[1])))
elif dx == -1 and dy == 0:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0], tail.pos[1]-1)))
elif dx == 0 and dy == -1:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0], tail.pos[1]+1)))
self.body[-1].dirnx = dx
self.body[-1].dirny = dy
def draw(self, surface):
for i, c in enumerate(self.body):
if i == 0:
c.draw(surface, True)
else:
c.draw(surface)
def drawGrid(w, rows,surface):
sizeBtwn = w // rows
x = 0
y = 0
for l in range(rows):
x = x + sizeBtwn
y = y + sizeBtwn
pygame.draw.line(surface, (255,255,255), (x,0), (x,w))
pygame.draw.line(surface, (255,255,255), (0,y), (w,y))
def redrawWindow(surface):
global rows, width, s, snack
surface.fill((0,0,0))
s.draw(surface)
snack.draw(surface)
drawGrid(width, rows, surface)
pygame.display.update()
def randomSnack(rows, item):
positions = item.body
while True:
x = random.randrange(rows)
y = random.randrange(rows)
if len(list(filter(lambda z:z.pos == (x,y), positions))) > 0:
continue
else:
break
return (x,y)
def message_box(subject, content):
root = tk.TK()
root.attributes("-topmost", True)
root.withdraw()
messagebox.showinfo(subject, content)
try:
root.destroy()
except:
pass
def main():
global width, rows, s, snack
width = 500
rows = 20
win = pygame.display.set_mode((width,width))
s = snake((255,0,0), (10,10))
snack = cube(randomSnack(rows, s), color=(0,255,0))
flag = True
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while flag:
pygame.time.delay(50)
clock.tick(10)
s.move()
if s.body[0].pos == snack.pos:
s.addCube()
snack = cube(randomSnack(rows, s), color=(0,255,0))
for x in range(len(s.body)):
if s.body[x].pos in list(map(lambda z:z.pos, s.body[x+1:])):
print('Score: ', len(s.body))
message_box('You Lost!', 'Play again...')
s.reset((10,10))
break
redrawWindow(win)
pass
main()
我不断收到此错误：
(10,10) - {}
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "snake.py" line 191, in <module>
main()
File "snake.py", line 176, in main
s.move()
File "snake.py", line 79, in move
self.turns.pop(p)
KeyError: (10, 10)
我相信 (10, 10) 指的是 (x, y) 我正在学习教程（深入的描述将帮助我理解如何解决这个问题）我相信它可能是我的元组，但我不是确定如何修复它。我遵循了 TechWithTim 的 Youtube 教程。这是一个贪吃蛇程序，但我不确定这个错误是什么意思。蛇应该转身并被放置在一个网格中，但即使 pygame 也拒绝启动。它在测试时确实启动了，但是在我让蛇移动之后程序停止工作并给了我这个错误。
我假设错误是从此代码段抛出的：
if i == len(self.body)-1:
print(p, '-', self.turns)
self.turns.pop(p)
根据打印输出，self.turns 字典是空的，因此没有任何内容可从中弹出。你将不得不弄清楚为什么字典是空的，为什么它不应该是空的。
难道是缩进错了？如果测试 p in self.turns 为真，您可能只想从 turns 中删除 p？
import math
import random
import pygame
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox
class cube(object):
rows = 20
w = 500
def __init__(self,start,dirnx=1,dirny=0,color=(255,0,0)):
self.pos = start
self.dirnx = 1
self.dirny = 0
self.color = color
def move(self, dirnx, dirny):
self.dirnx = dirnx
self.dirny = dirny
self.pos = (self.pos[0] + self.dirnx, self.pos[1] + self.dirny)
def draw(self, surface):
dis = self.w // self.rows
i = self.pos[0]
j = self.pos[1]
pygame.draw.rect(surface, self.color, (i*dis+1, j*dis+1, dis-2, dis-2))
if eyes:
centre = dis//2
radius = 3
circleMiddle = (i*dis+centre-radius,j*dis+8)
circleMiddle2 = (i*dis + dis -radius*2, j*dis+8)
pygame.draw.circle(surface, (0,0,0), circleMiddle, radius)
pygame.draw.circle(surface, (0,0,0), circleMiddle2, radius)
class snake(object):
body = []
turns = {}
def __init__(self, color, pos):
self.color = color
self.head = cube(pos)
self.body.append(self.head)
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = 1
def move(self):
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
for key in keys:
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT]:
self.dirnx = -1
self.dirny = 0
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
elif keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
self.dirnx = 1
self.dirny = 0
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
elif keys[pygame.K_UP]:
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = -1
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
elif keys[pygame.K_DOWN]:
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = 1
self.turns[self.head.pos[:]] = [self.dirnx, self.dirny]
for i, c in enumerate(self.body):
p = c.pos[:]
if p in self.turns:
turn = self.turns[p]
c.move(turn[0], turn[1])
if i == len(self.body)-1:
print(p, '-', self.turns)
self.turns.pop(p)
else:
if c.dirnx == -1 and c.pos[0] <= 0: c.pos = (c.rows-1, c.pos[1])
elif c.dirnx == 1 and c.pos[0] >= c.rows-1: c.pos = (0,c.pos[1])
elif c.dirny == 1 and c.pos[1] >= c.rows-1: c.pos = (c.pos[0], 0)
elif c.dirny == -1 and c.pos[1] <= 0: c.pos = (c.pos[0], c.rows-1)
else: c.move(c.dirnx, c.dirny)
def reset(self, pos):
self.head = cube(pos)
self.body = []
self.body.append(self.head)
self.turns = {}
self.dirnx = 0
self.dirny = 1
def addCube(self):
tail = self.body[-1]
dx, dy = tail.dirnx, tail.dirny
if dx == 1 and dy == 0:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0]-1, tail.pos[1])))
elif dx == 1 and dy == 0:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0]+1, tail.pos[1])))
elif dx == -1 and dy == 0:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0], tail.pos[1]-1)))
elif dx == 0 and dy == -1:
self.body.append(cube((tail.pos[0], tail.pos[1]+1)))
self.body[-1].dirnx = dx
self.body[-1].dirny = dy
def draw(self, surface):
for i, c in enumerate(self.body):
if i == 0:
c.draw(surface, True)
else:
c.draw(surface)
def drawGrid(w, rows,surface):
sizeBtwn = w // rows
x = 0
y = 0
for l in range(rows):
x = x + sizeBtwn
y = y + sizeBtwn
pygame.draw.line(surface, (255,255,255), (x,0), (x,w))
pygame.draw.line(surface, (255,255,255), (0,y), (w,y))
def redrawWindow(surface):
global rows, width, s, snack
surface.fill((0,0,0))
s.draw(surface)
snack.draw(surface)
drawGrid(width, rows, surface)
pygame.display.update()
def randomSnack(rows, item):
positions = item.body
while True:
x = random.randrange(rows)
y = random.randrange(rows)
if len(list(filter(lambda z:z.pos == (x,y), positions))) > 0:
continue
else:
break
return (x,y)
def message_box(subject, content):
root = tk.TK()
root.attributes("-topmost", True)
root.withdraw()
messagebox.showinfo(subject, content)
try:
root.destroy()
except:
pass
def main():
global width, rows, s, snack
width = 500
rows = 20
win = pygame.display.set_mode((width,width))
s = snake((255,0,0), (10,10))
snack = cube(randomSnack(rows, s), color=(0,255,0))
flag = True
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while flag:
pygame.time.delay(50)
clock.tick(10)
s.move()
if s.body[0].pos == snack.pos:
s.addCube()
snack = cube(randomSnack(rows, s), color=(0,255,0))
for x in range(len(s.body)):
if s.body[x].pos in list(map(lambda z:z.pos, s.body[x+1:])):
print('Score: ', len(s.body))
message_box('You Lost!', 'Play again...')
s.reset((10,10))
break
redrawWindow(win)
pass
main()
我不断收到此错误：
(10,10) - {}
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "snake.py" line 191, in <module>
main()
File "snake.py", line 176, in main
s.move()
File "snake.py", line 79, in move
self.turns.pop(p)
KeyError: (10, 10)
我相信 (10, 10) 指的是 (x, y) 我正在学习教程（深入的描述将帮助我理解如何解决这个问题）我相信它可能是我的元组，但我不是确定如何修复它。我遵循了 TechWithTim 的 Youtube 教程。这是一个贪吃蛇程序，但我不确定这个错误是什么意思。蛇应该转身并被放置在一个网格中，但即使 pygame 也拒绝启动。它在测试时确实启动了，但是在我让蛇移动之后程序停止工作并给了我这个错误。
我假设错误是从此代码段抛出的：
if i == len(self.body)-1:
print(p, '-', self.turns)
self.turns.pop(p)
根据打印输出，self.turns 字典是空的，因此没有任何内容可从中弹出。你将不得不弄清楚为什么字典是空的，为什么它不应该是空的。
难道是缩进错了？如果测试 p in self.turns 为真，您可能只想从 turns 中删除 p？