tkinter 上的重置按钮

Question

我已经从我的 CS 教学中为 A-Level 准备安排了一些有趣的工作，因为我们没有任何 'official' 工作要做，因为我已经完成了 11 年级，任务是 'Mastermind' 类型游戏

玩家按顺序猜颜色，猜对了多少

这是我第一次使用 Tkinter，我找到了 destory() 函数，但我无法重新启动程序无需再次手动按下 "run"。

有没有办法删除所有小部件，然后重新显示它们。就像一个重置按钮。

这是我的代码：

#the main window
win = Tk()
#the main frame
MainFrame = Frame(win)
#the frame which contains the buttons
ButtonFrame = Frame(win)
#will contain the game
MainCanvas = Canvas(MainFrame, height=550)
#the bottom most frame, contains the new game button
BottomFrame = Frame(win)


def closeWin():
    win.destroy()

def updateCoordinates(coodinates,NumberOfPresses):
    for i in range (4):
        print(i)
        if coodinates[i] == coodinates[0]:
                print(coodinates)
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] + 60
                print(coodinates)
        elif coodinates[i] == coodinates[1] and NumberOfPresses >= 5:
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] - 60
                print(coodinates)
        elif coodinates[i] == coodinates[2]:
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] + 60
                print(coodinates)
        elif coodinates[i] == coodinates[3] and NumberOfPresses >= 5:
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] - 60
                print(coodinates)
    return coodinates

#this is run is the red button is pressed
def redGuess(coodinates,NumberOfPresses):
    redGuess = MainCanvas.create_oval(coodinates, fill="red")
    NumberOfPresses = NumberOfPresses + 1
    updateCoordinates(coodinates,NumberOfPresses)
    return NumberOfPresses, coodinates

def blueGuess(coodinates,NumberOfPresses):
    blueGuess = MainCanvas.create_oval(coodinates, fill="blue")
    NumberOfPresses = NumberOfPresses + 1
    updateCoordinates(coodinates,NumberOfPresses)
    return NumberOfPresses, coodinates

def MakeAnswer():
    #the list of the colours
    colours = list("rbygwo")
    #randomizes them
    random.shuffle(colours)
    #creates a new list of the randomised letters
    order = ''.join(colours)
    result = ''
    for i in (order):
        #loops through each letter and adds a space bettween them
        result = result + i + ' '
    #calls the new list answer AND puts each letter into a sepearte index in a list
    answer = result.split()
    #removes one colour from the answer
    answer.pop(5)
    return answer


#runs the main program
def NewGame():
    NumberOfPresses = 0
    coodinates = [15,500,65,550]
    answer = MakeAnswer()
    redButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "red", command =lambda: redGuess(coodinates,NumberOfPresses))
    blueButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "blue", command =lambda: blueGuess(coodinates, NumberOfPresses))
    yellowButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "yellow")
    greenButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "green")
    whiteButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "white")
    orangeButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "orange")
    #displays all the widgets in the window
    MainFrame.pack()
    ButtonFrame.pack()
    MainCanvas.pack()
    BottomFrame.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    redButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    blueButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    yellowButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    greenButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    whiteButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    orangeButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    reset_button = Button(BottomFrame, text="Start A New Game", command = closeWin)
    reset_button.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
    #displayes the correct sequence
    print(answer)
    return

#starting coodinates of the first guess
#format= [x1, y1, x2, y2]


#Start of the game
NewGame()

#creates the buttons to select the different colours

#runs the game continuously
win.mainloop()

也是为了让您知道按钮按下计数器无法正常工作，但我无法修复它，直到我可以重置 window。

Answer 1

您可以使用.withdraw()函数。

.destroy()字面意义上的破坏了widget，一旦破坏就再也找不回来了。如果你在销毁它之后再引用它，你会得到一个错误。

所以，你需要用.withdraw()让它暂时消失，要让它回来，你会用.deiconify()。

这是一个例子：

from tkinter import *
window = Tk()
window2 = Toplevel()
def go_away():
    window.withdraw()
def come_back():
    window.deiconify()
b = Button(window, text = "go away", command = go_away).pack()
b2 = Button(window2, text = "come back", command = come_back).pack()
window.mainloop()

希望这个回答对您有所帮助！

Answer 2

不，没有名为 reset 的函数可以执行您 want.You 需要手动创建的功能。在您的代码中，reset 表示：

生成一个新变量answer
删除canvas上的所有对象。
初始化您设置的变量。

所以所有的代码可以是：

from tkinter import *
import random
win = Tk()
#the main frame
MainFrame = Frame(win)
#the frame which contains the buttons
ButtonFrame = Frame(win)
#will contain the game
MainCanvas = Canvas(MainFrame, height=550)
#the bottom most frame, contains the new game button
BottomFrame = Frame(win)

def updateCoordinates(coodinates,NumberOfPresses):
    for i in range (4):
        print(i)
        if coodinates[i] == coodinates[0]:
                print(coodinates)
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] + 60
                print(coodinates)
        elif coodinates[i] == coodinates[1] and NumberOfPresses >= 5:
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] - 60
                print(coodinates)
        elif coodinates[i] == coodinates[2]:
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] + 60
                print(coodinates)
        elif coodinates[i] == coodinates[3] and NumberOfPresses >= 5:
                coodinates[i] = coodinates[i] - 60
                print(coodinates)
    return coodinates

#this is run is the red button is pressed
def redGuess(coodinates,NumberOfPresses):
    redGuess = MainCanvas.create_oval(coodinates, fill="red")
    NumberOfPresses = NumberOfPresses + 1
    updateCoordinates(coodinates,NumberOfPresses)
    return NumberOfPresses, coodinates

def blueGuess(coodinates,NumberOfPresses):
    blueGuess = MainCanvas.create_oval(coodinates, fill="blue")
    NumberOfPresses = NumberOfPresses + 1
    updateCoordinates(coodinates,NumberOfPresses)
    return NumberOfPresses, coodinates

def MakeAnswer():
    #the list of the colours
    colours = list("rbygwo")
    #randomizes them
    random.shuffle(colours)
    #creates a new list of the randomised letters
    order = ''.join(colours)
    result = ''
    for i in (order):
        #loops through each letter and adds a space bettween them
        result = result + i + ' '
    #calls the new list answer AND puts each letter into a sepearte index in a list
    answer = result.split()
    #removes one colour from the answer
    answer.pop(5)
    return answer


#runs the main program
def NewGame():
    def closeWin():
        MainCanvas.delete("all")
        nonlocal NumberOfPresses,answer,coodinates
        NumberOfPresses = 0
        coodinates = [15, 500, 65, 550]
        answer = MakeAnswer()
        print(answer)

    NumberOfPresses = 0
    coodinates = [15,500,65,550]
    answer = MakeAnswer()
    redButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "red", command =lambda: redGuess(coodinates,NumberOfPresses))
    blueButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "blue", command =lambda: blueGuess(coodinates, NumberOfPresses))
    yellowButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "yellow")
    greenButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "green")
    whiteButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "white")
    orangeButton = Button(ButtonFrame,height=3, width=7 ,bg= "orange")
    #displays all the widgets in the window
    MainFrame.pack()
    ButtonFrame.pack()
    MainCanvas.pack()
    BottomFrame.pack(side=BOTTOM)
    redButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    blueButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    yellowButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    greenButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    whiteButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    orangeButton.pack(side=LEFT, fill=X)
    reset_button = Button(BottomFrame, text="Start A New Game", command = closeWin)
    reset_button.pack(side=BOTTOM, fill=X)
    #displayes the correct sequence
    print(answer)
    return

#starting coodinates of the first guess
#format= [x1, y1, x2, y2]


#Start of the game
NewGame()

#creates the buttons to select the different colours

#runs the game continuously
win.mainloop()

tkinter 上的重置按钮

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