尝试从另一个文件导入 class 但我的测试失败了

Trying to import a class from another file but my test breaks

我正在尝试使用 prettyconf - https://github.com/osantana/prettyconf - 来使用 .env 文件。

我创建了一个 config.py 文件并将其放在我的脚本的同一文件夹中。

我的config.py是这个:

from prettyconf import config


class Settings:
    ENVIRONMENT = config(
        'ENVIRONMENT',
        default='dev',
        cast=config.option({'dev': 'dev', 'int': 'int', 'prod': 'prod'}),
    )

    LOG_LEVEL = config('LOG_LEVEL', default='INFO')
 

settings = Settings()

在我的脚本中,我以这种方式导入 config.py:

from cl_uploader.config import settings

但是我收到了这个错误消息:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "cl_uploader.py", line 7, in <module>
    from cl_uploader.config import settings
  File "/home/myfolder/Doing/folder/cl_uploader/cl_uploader.py", line 7, in <module>
    from cl_uploader.config import settings
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'cl_uploader.config'; 'cl_uploader' is not a package

我试过改成这样的相对路径:

from .config import settings

但是我得到了这个错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "cl_uploader.py", line 7, in <module>
    from .config import settings
ImportError: attempted relative import with no known parent package

但是如果像这样:

from config import settings

有效!但是...

我的测试开始中断,我收到这条消息:

____________________________ ERROR collecting tests/test_cl_uploader.py _____________________________
ImportError while importing test module '/home/myfolder/Doing/folder/tests/test_cl_uploader.py'.
Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.
Traceback:
../../.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/cl-uploader-12nYBdPj-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/python.py:511: in _importtestmodule
    mod = self.fspath.pyimport(ensuresyspath=importmode)
../../.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/cl-uploader-12nYBdPj-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/py/_path/local.py:704: in pyimport
    __import__(modname)
../../.cache/pypoetry/virtualenvs/cl-uploader-12nYBdPj-py3.8/lib/python3.8/site-packages/_pytest/assertion/rewrite.py:152: in exec_module
    exec(co, module.__dict__)
tests/test_cl_uploader.py:10: in <module>
    from cl_uploader.cl_uploader import check_stack_exists
cl_uploader/cl_uploader.py:7: in <module>
    from config import settings
E   ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'config'
====================================== short test summary info ======================================
ERROR tests/test_cl_uploader.py
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
========================================= 1 error in 0.25s ==========================================

我的树文件夹是这样设置的:

.
├── cl_uploader
│   ├── cl_uploader.py
│   ├── config.py
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── resources
│       └── teste.yaml
├── file.tmp
├── local.env
├── Makefile
├── poetry.lock
├── pyproject.toml
├── README.md
└── tests
    ├── __init__.py
    └── test_cl_uploader.py

您已经在 cl_uploader 文件夹中。尝试:from config import settings.

__init__.py 中添加:

import os, sys
sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))

那么,这个目录下的所有文件都会在sys.path上。可能需要将文件名更改为 cl_config.py 以避免冲突。

您的包名为 cl_uploader 并且您在此包中有一个模块 cl_uploader。避免这种名称重复。

默认情况下 python 会先在当前工作目录中查找模块或包,然后再查找其他地方。

因此,当您位于 cl_uploader 文件夹中时,它将选择 cl_uploader 模块而不是包。如果你在外面,它会取走包裹。

总结:将 cl_uploader.py 重命名为其他名称,一切正常。