为什么动态分配的变量不会像静态变量那样改变(当我们使用它们的地址时)

why dynamically allocated variables will not change(when we use their addresses) like static variables

head 是指向内存的指针,等于 current

void display(node_t **head) {  
    struct node *current = (*head);
    if((*head) == NULL) {  
        printf("List is empty \n");  
        return;  
    }  
    
while(current != NULL) {  
   printf("current->n=%d\n", current->next);  //0 1 2
   printf("head->n=%d\n", head->next);        // 0 0 0 if we assign current to its next 
   current = current->next;                // should it affect to the head because we are
                                           //because we are assigning memory address to another 
}  
}

使用静态变量的示例代码:

int *head,*current,c=1;
head=&c;
current=&c;
(*current)++;

水头和电流在这种情况下会改变

因为此时这里:struct node *current = (*head); 你取消引用了 head。如果 head 是节点指针数组,则 current 指向该数组的第一项。

此外,我建议在取消引用 head 之前检查 NULL,否则您将等待发生 SEGFAULT。

while(current != NULL) {  
   printf("current->n=%d\n", current->n);  //0 1 2
   printf("head->n=%d\n", head->n);        // 0 0 0 if we assign current to its next 
   current = current->next;                // should it affect to the head because we are
                                           //because we are assigning memory address to another 
}

忽略不一致的命名(是 n 还是 next?),headcurrent 是独立的对象 - 您对 current 没有任何影响将影响 head.

如果我们画一幅画可能会有帮助。假设您有一个包含三个节点的列表(我不知道您的节点结构是什么样的,所以这是非常通用的):

+---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
|   |   |----->|   |   |------>|   |   |---|||
+---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+

您有一个指向第一个元素的指针(我们称之为 h):

      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
   h: |   |----->|   |   |----->|   |   |------>|   |   |---|||
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+

您在 display 函数中的 head 参数指向 h:

      +---+
head: |   |
      +---+
        |
        V
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
   h: |   |----->|   |   |----->|   |   |------>|   |   |---|||
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+

你用*head的值初始化current,也就是h的值,所以current指向链表的第一个节点:

      +---+
head: |   |
      +---+
        |
        V
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
   h: |   |----->|   |   |----->|   |   |------>|   |   |---|||
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
                   ^
                   |
                 +---+
        current: |   |
                 +---+

每次执行

current = current->next

这将设置 current 指向列表中的下一个元素:

      +---+
head: |   |
      +---+
        |
        V
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
   h: |   |----->|   |   |----->|   |   |------>|   |   |---|||
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
                                  ^
                                  |
                                +---+
                       current: |   |
                                +---+

      +---+
head: |   |
      +---+
        |
        V
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
   h: |   |----->|   |   |----->|   |   |------>|   |   |---|||
      +---+      +---+---+      +---+---+       +---+---+
                                                  ^
                                                  |
                                                +---+
                                       current: |   |
                                                +---+

您对 current 所做的任何事情都不会影响 head - 它们是独立的对象。

int *head,*current,c=1;
head=&c;
current=&c;
while(True):
    current++;

In this case, head and current will change.

是的,因为您明确地为 headcurrent 分配了一个新值 - 但是,current++head 没有影响。

顺便说一句,这不是有效的 C - 看起来你是从 C 开始并在 Python 中完成的。