COBOL 仅从一行输入文件中读取
COBOL Only Reading From One Line of Input File
Cobol 批处理程序有问题，它只从输入文件中读取一行，而正在读取的行也不是第一行。输入文件的记录是固定长度的。
代码是：
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. AverageGPA.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT STUDENT-DATA
ASSIGN TO "C:\COBOL\CH0708.DAT"
ORGANIZATION IS LINE SEQUENTIAL.
SELECT OUTPUT-FILE
ASSIGN TO "C:\COBOL\STUDENT_GPA.DAT"
ORGANIZATION IS LINE SEQUENTIAL.
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD STUDENT-DATA.
01 EMPLOYEE-RECORD.
05 SSN-IN PICTURE X(9).
05 NAME-IN PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-IN PICTURE 9.
05 SCHOOL-IN PICTURE 9.
05 GPA-IN PICTURE 9V99.
05 CREDITS-IN PICTURE 999.
FD OUTPUT-FILE.
01 OUTPUT-DATA.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 OUTPUT-HEADING.
05 SSN-HEADING PICTURE X(9)
VALUE 'SSN'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-HEADING PICTURE X(21)
VALUE 'STUDENT NAME'.
05 CLASS-HEADING PICTURE X(9) VALUE 'CLASS'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-HEADING PICTURE X(15) VALUE 'SCHOOL'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-HEADING PICTURE X(3) VALUE 'GPA'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-HEADING PICTURE X(7) VALUE 'CREDITS'.
01 GPA-COUNT PICTURE 9 VALUE 0.
01 GPA-SUM PICTURE 9V99 VALUE 0.
01 AVERAGE-GPA PICTURE 9.99.
01 AVERAGE-GPA-LINE PICTURE X(16)
VALUE 'AVERAGE GPA IS '.
01 ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS PICTURE XXX VALUE 'YES'.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
100-MAIN-MODULE.
OPEN INPUT STUDENT-DATA
OUTPUT OUTPUT-FILE
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA FROM OUTPUT-HEADING
PERFORM UNTIL ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS = 'NO '
READ STUDENT-DATA
AT END
MOVE 'NO' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
NOT AT END
PERFORM 200-WRITE-GPA
END-READ
END-PERFORM
DIVIDE GPA-SUM BY GPA-COUNT GIVING AVERAGE-GPA
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA FROM AVERAGE-GPA-LINE
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA FROM AVERAGE-GPA
CLOSE STUDENT-DATA
OUTPUT-FILE
STOP RUN.
200-WRITE-GPA.
MOVE SPACES TO OUTPUT-DATA.
MOVE SSN-IN TO SSN-OUT
MOVE NAME-IN TO NAME-OUT
IF CLASS-IN = 1
MOVE 'FRESHMAN' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE IF CLASS-IN = 2
MOVE 'SOPHOMORE' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE IF CLASS-IN = 3
MOVE 'JUNIOR' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE IF CLASS-IN = 4
MOVE 'SENIOR' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE
MOVE CLASS-IN TO CLASS-OUT
END-IF
IF SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-IF
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
STOP RUN.
输入文件是：
125997600R. HENDERSON 11379011
234789543P. MARTINSON 11250011
276888003M. JACKSON 22394020
332557267B. BRUHANSKY 21314020
235654654K. THOMPSON 23279021
336221180F. SMITH 21304019
332557845D. MIKA 33217024
377000854A. ABRAMS 31379027
399000002L. NAIRN 33375029
211311411P. BUTTRAM 41397035
122886567F. DARK 41297034
224257889S. SMITH 41397038
125654334C. HAYES 41400040
345345669J. FISHER 42200036
432234543S. JONES 43291033
488345612M. PILLION 41255034
给出的输出是
SSN STUDENT NAME CLASS SCHOOL GPA CRED
432234543 S. JONES SENIOR ENGINEERING 2.91 33
AVERAGE GPA IS
2.91
另外，还有两个问题。
为什么学分 header 没有显示所有字母？我将如何计算平均 GPA 线？现在它在两条线上，但我希望它在一条线上。
- 为什么学分 header 没有显示所有字母 - 输出记录不够长
要保留完整的 header，请参阅扩展部分
- 我将如何为平均 GPA 做一行 - 读取整个文件总计 GPA 并除以记录数。
积分header问题
输出记录定义为
01 OUTPUT-DATA.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
你所要做的就是在最后添加一个填充物。
01 OUTPUT-DATA.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
05 picture X(2).
我个人会
- 将输出记录定义移动到工作存储
- 定义
output-data为单张图片
即
01 OUTPUT-DATA pic x(73).
Woring storage.
01 report-record.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
05 picture X(2).
其他问题
我会改变
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
STOP RUN.
至
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
299-exit.
exit.
单行输出
只需创建一条记录即可
01 Summary-line
03 PICTURE X(16)
VALUE 'AVERAGE GPA IS '.
03 everage-gpa picture 9.99.
只写了一条记录
问题是你没有结束你的 if 语句
IF SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-IF
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
end-if结束一个如果
即它实际上意味着
IF SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
IF SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
IF SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-IF
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.结束所有嵌套的if
使用Evaluate
evaluate true
when SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
when SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
when SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
when other
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-evaluate
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
同样适用于另一个if end-if块
Cobol 批处理程序有问题，它只从输入文件中读取一行，而正在读取的行也不是第一行。输入文件的记录是固定长度的。 代码是：
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. AverageGPA.
ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION.
FILE-CONTROL.
SELECT STUDENT-DATA
ASSIGN TO "C:\COBOL\CH0708.DAT"
ORGANIZATION IS LINE SEQUENTIAL.
SELECT OUTPUT-FILE
ASSIGN TO "C:\COBOL\STUDENT_GPA.DAT"
ORGANIZATION IS LINE SEQUENTIAL.
DATA DIVISION.
FILE SECTION.
FD STUDENT-DATA.
01 EMPLOYEE-RECORD.
05 SSN-IN PICTURE X(9).
05 NAME-IN PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-IN PICTURE 9.
05 SCHOOL-IN PICTURE 9.
05 GPA-IN PICTURE 9V99.
05 CREDITS-IN PICTURE 999.
FD OUTPUT-FILE.
01 OUTPUT-DATA.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 OUTPUT-HEADING.
05 SSN-HEADING PICTURE X(9)
VALUE 'SSN'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-HEADING PICTURE X(21)
VALUE 'STUDENT NAME'.
05 CLASS-HEADING PICTURE X(9) VALUE 'CLASS'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-HEADING PICTURE X(15) VALUE 'SCHOOL'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-HEADING PICTURE X(3) VALUE 'GPA'.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-HEADING PICTURE X(7) VALUE 'CREDITS'.
01 GPA-COUNT PICTURE 9 VALUE 0.
01 GPA-SUM PICTURE 9V99 VALUE 0.
01 AVERAGE-GPA PICTURE 9.99.
01 AVERAGE-GPA-LINE PICTURE X(16)
VALUE 'AVERAGE GPA IS '.
01 ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS PICTURE XXX VALUE 'YES'.
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
100-MAIN-MODULE.
OPEN INPUT STUDENT-DATA
OUTPUT OUTPUT-FILE
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA FROM OUTPUT-HEADING
PERFORM UNTIL ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS = 'NO '
READ STUDENT-DATA
AT END
MOVE 'NO' TO ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
NOT AT END
PERFORM 200-WRITE-GPA
END-READ
END-PERFORM
DIVIDE GPA-SUM BY GPA-COUNT GIVING AVERAGE-GPA
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA FROM AVERAGE-GPA-LINE
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA FROM AVERAGE-GPA
CLOSE STUDENT-DATA
OUTPUT-FILE
STOP RUN.
200-WRITE-GPA.
MOVE SPACES TO OUTPUT-DATA.
MOVE SSN-IN TO SSN-OUT
MOVE NAME-IN TO NAME-OUT
IF CLASS-IN = 1
MOVE 'FRESHMAN' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE IF CLASS-IN = 2
MOVE 'SOPHOMORE' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE IF CLASS-IN = 3
MOVE 'JUNIOR' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE IF CLASS-IN = 4
MOVE 'SENIOR' TO CLASS-OUT
ELSE
MOVE CLASS-IN TO CLASS-OUT
END-IF
IF SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-IF
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
STOP RUN.
输入文件是：
125997600R. HENDERSON 11379011
234789543P. MARTINSON 11250011
276888003M. JACKSON 22394020
332557267B. BRUHANSKY 21314020
235654654K. THOMPSON 23279021
336221180F. SMITH 21304019
332557845D. MIKA 33217024
377000854A. ABRAMS 31379027
399000002L. NAIRN 33375029
211311411P. BUTTRAM 41397035
122886567F. DARK 41297034
224257889S. SMITH 41397038
125654334C. HAYES 41400040
345345669J. FISHER 42200036
432234543S. JONES 43291033
488345612M. PILLION 41255034
给出的输出是
SSN STUDENT NAME CLASS SCHOOL GPA CRED
432234543 S. JONES SENIOR ENGINEERING 2.91 33
AVERAGE GPA IS
2.91
另外，还有两个问题。 为什么学分 header 没有显示所有字母？我将如何计算平均 GPA 线？现在它在两条线上，但我希望它在一条线上。
- 为什么学分 header 没有显示所有字母 - 输出记录不够长 要保留完整的 header，请参阅扩展部分
- 我将如何为平均 GPA 做一行 - 读取整个文件总计 GPA 并除以记录数。
积分header问题
输出记录定义为
01 OUTPUT-DATA.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
你所要做的就是在最后添加一个填充物。
01 OUTPUT-DATA.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
05 picture X(2).
我个人会
- 将输出记录定义移动到工作存储
- 定义
output-data为单张图片
即
01 OUTPUT-DATA pic x(73).
Woring storage.
01 report-record.
05 SSN-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 NAME-OUT PICTURE X(21).
05 CLASS-OUT PICTURE X(9).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 SCHOOL-OUT PICTURE X(15).
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 GPA-OUT PICTURE 9.99.
05 PICTURE X(5).
05 CREDITS-OUT PICTURE Z99.
05 picture X(2).
其他问题
我会改变
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
STOP RUN.
至
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
299-exit.
exit.
单行输出
只需创建一条记录即可
01 Summary-line
03 PICTURE X(16)
VALUE 'AVERAGE GPA IS '.
03 everage-gpa picture 9.99.
只写了一条记录
问题是你没有结束你的 if 语句
IF SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE IF SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-IF
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
end-if结束一个如果
即它实际上意味着
IF SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
IF SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
IF SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
ELSE
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-IF
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.结束所有嵌套的if
使用Evaluate
evaluate true
when SCHOOL-IN = 1
MOVE 'BUSINESS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
when SCHOOL-IN = 2
MOVE 'LIBERAL ARTS' TO SCHOOL-OUT
when SCHOOL-IN = 3
MOVE 'ENGINEERING' TO SCHOOL-OUT
when other
MOVE 'INVALID' TO SCHOOL-OUT
END-evaluate
MOVE GPA-IN TO GPA-OUT
ADD GPA-IN TO GPA-SUM
MOVE CREDITS-IN TO CREDITS-OUT
ADD 1 TO GPA-COUNT
WRITE OUTPUT-DATA.
同样适用于另一个if end-if块