制作计算器以查找 Tkinter 上矢量的大小

Question

我一直在尝试制作一个计算器，使用 Jupyter Notebook 上的 Tkinter 计算给定 3 维矢量的大小，用于我的电磁学 class。

我得到了以下代码，它可以工作，但它有 3 个输入小部件用于每个输入坐标，并且输入的数字仅出现在与 z 坐标对应的最后一个小部件中。代码：

from tkinter import *

root = Tk()

root.title("Calculator")

coordinates = []

n=0

X = Entry(root)
X.insert(END, "Enter the x-coordinate")
X.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=12, pady=15)

Y = Entry(root)
Y.insert(END, "Enter the y-coordinate")
Y.grid(row=1, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=12, pady=15)

Z = Entry(root)
Z.insert(END, "Enter the z-coordinate")
Z.grid(row=2, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=12, pady=15)

def x():
    global n
    n=1
    
def y():
    global n
    n=2
    
def z():
    global n
    n=3
    
def S(m):
    if n == 1:
        a = X.get()
        X.delete(0,END)
        X.insert(0,str(a)+str(m))
        coordinates.append(X)
    if n == 2:
        b = Y.get()
        Y.delete(0,END)
        Y.insert(0,str(b)+str(m))
        coordinates.append(Y)
    if n == 3:
        c = Z.get()
        Z.delete(0,END)
        Z.insert(0,str(c)+str(m))
        coordinates.append(Z)
        
def clear():
    X.delete(0,END)
    Y.delete(0,END)
    Z.delete(0,END)
    
def equal():
    sq = 0
    for d in coordinates:
        e = float(d.get())
        sq = sq + e**2 
    mag = sq**0.5
    val = Label(root, text="The magnitude of the vector is: " + str(mag))
    val.grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=12, pady=15)
    
b1 = Button(root, text="1", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("1"))
b2 = Button(root, text="2", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("2"))
b3 = Button(root, text="3", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("3"))
b4 = Button(root, text="4", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("4"))
b5 = Button(root, text="5", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("5"))
b6 = Button(root, text="6", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("6"))
b7 = Button(root, text="7", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("7"))
b8 = Button(root, text="8", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("8"))
b9 = Button(root, text="9", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("9"))
b0 = Button(root, text="0", padx=30, pady=15, command=lambda: S("0"))
bx = Button(root, text="x", padx=30, pady=15, command=x())
by = Button(root, text="y", padx=30, pady=15, command=y())
bz = Button(root, text="z", padx=30, pady=15, command=z())
bclear = Button(root, text="Clear", padx=19, pady=15, command=clear)
bequal = Button(root, text="=", padx=29, pady=15, command=equal)

b1.grid(row=6, column=0)
b2.grid(row=6, column=1)
b3.grid(row=6, column=2)
b4.grid(row=5, column=0)
b5.grid(row=5, column=1)
b6.grid(row=5, column=2)
b7.grid(row=4, column=0)
b8.grid(row=4, column=1)
b9.grid(row=4, column=2)
b0.grid(row=7, column=1)
bx.grid(row=8, column=0)
by.grid(row=8, column=1)
bz.grid(row=8, column=2)
bclear.grid(row=7, column=2)
bequal.grid(row=7, column=0)

root.mainloop()

无论我使用按钮 x、y 还是 z，只有第三个条目小部件接受输入。我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

您不应该直接使用 command 按钮“调用”函数，而是说：

bx = Button(root, text="x", padx=30, pady=15, command=x)
by = Button(root, text="y", padx=30, pady=15, command=y)
bz = Button(root, text="z", padx=30, pady=15, command=z)

当您使用 () 时，您正在调用该函数，因此要摆脱它，请删除 ()，以便仅当您按下按钮时才调用（调用）该函数。

制作计算器以查找 Tkinter 上矢量的大小

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