检查 `name_expressions` 是否可迭代

Question

在尝试为 CuPy v9.x 计划的新 jitify 支持时，我发现 cupy.RawModule 的 name_expressions 命名参数需要是可迭代的，以便 NVRTC稍后调用 get_function 时不会失败。来自 .

的问题

def mykernel():
    grid = (...)
    blocks = (...)
    args = (...)

    with open('my_cuda_cpp_code.cu') as f:
        code = f.read()

    kers = ('nameofkernel')
    mod = cp.RawModule(code=code, jitify=True, name_expressions=kers, ...)
    mod.get_function('nameofkernel')(grid, block, args)

上面的代码产生以下错误输出：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/mikaeltw/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cupy/cuda/compiler.py", line 586, in compile
    nvrtc.compileProgram(self.ptr, options)
  File "cupy_backends/cuda/libs/nvrtc.pyx", line 108, in cupy_backends.cuda.libs.nvrtc.compileProgram
  File "cupy_backends/cuda/libs/nvrtc.pyx", line 120, in cupy_backends.cuda.libs.nvrtc.compileProgram
  File "cupy_backends/cuda/libs/nvrtc.pyx", line 58, in cupy_backends.cuda.libs.nvrtc.check_status
cupy_backends.cuda.libs.nvrtc.NVRTCError: NVRTC_ERROR_COMPILATION (6)

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./jitify_test.py", line 62, in <module>
    test_mykernel()
  File "./jitify_test.py", line 57, in test_mykernel
    mykernel(x_out, x_in)
  File "./jitify_test.py", line 50, in mykernel
    mod.get_function('nameofkernel')(grid, block, args)
  File "cupy/core/raw.pyx", line 470, in cupy.core.raw.RawModule.get_function
  File "cupy/core/raw.pyx", line 394, in cupy.core.raw.RawModule.module.__get__
  File "cupy/core/raw.pyx", line 402, in cupy.core.raw.RawModule._module
  File "cupy/_util.pyx", line 53, in cupy._util.memoize.decorator.ret
  File "cupy/core/raw.pyx", line 547, in cupy.core.raw._get_raw_module
  File "cupy/core/core.pyx", line 1829, in cupy.core.core.compile_with_cache
  File "cupy/core/core.pyx", line 1883, in cupy.core.core.compile_with_cache
  File "/home/mikaeltw/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cupy/cuda/compiler.py", line 393, in compile_with_cache
    return _compile_with_cache_cuda(
  File "/home/mikaeltw/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cupy/cuda/compiler.py", line 472, in _compile_with_cache_cuda
    ptx, mapping = compile_using_nvrtc(
  File "/home/mikaeltw/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cupy/cuda/compiler.py", line 229, in compile_using_nvrtc
    return _compile(source, options, cu_path,
  File "/home/mikaeltw/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cupy/cuda/compiler.py", line 213, in _compile
    ptx, mapping = prog.compile(options, log_stream)
  File "/home/mikaeltw/env/lib/python3.8/site-packages/cupy/cuda/compiler.py", line 597, in compile
    raise CompileException(log, self.src, self.name, options,
cupy.cuda.compiler.CompileException: __nv_name_map(2): error: expected an expression

__nv_name_map(2): error: Error in parsing name expression for lowered name lookup. Input name expression was: " :"
__nv_name_map(3): error: identifier "_" is undefined
--||--

将 kers 设置为可迭代对象，例如['nameofkernel'] 或 ('nameofkernel',) 并且有效。

根据文档 https://docs.cupy.dev/en/stable/reference/generated/cupy.RawModule.html，name_expressions 应该作为字符串序列给出。我的建议是检查 name_expressions 是可迭代的（不仅仅是一个 str，即使 str 是可迭代的），以在调用 get_function.

时捕获一个神秘的错误

Answer 1

好吧，首先，我们确实说过它是字符串的序列（例如：list/tuple），并在您引用的文档页面中给出了一个示例：

name_expressions (sequence of str) – A sequence (e.g. list) of strings referring to the names of C++ global/template kernels. For example, name_expressions=['func1<int>', 'func1<double>', 'func2'] for the template kernel func1<T> and non-template kernel func2. Strings in this tuple must then be passed, one at a time, to get_function() to retrieve the corresponding kernel.

所以我看不出有任何歧义。毫无疑问，在 Python 中写 ('abc') 并认为它是一个包含字符串 'abc' 的 1 元素元组是一个常见的陷阱，为此它应该写成 [=18] =] 带逗号。但是，恕我直言，在代码库中到处检查这样的陷阱将是一件很痛苦的事。

其次，即使我们添加检查以确保输入是可迭代的，它仍然不能解决您的问题，因为字符串也是 iterable/sequence:

>>> import collections.abc
>>> isinstance((1,2), collections.abc.Iterable)
True
>>> isinstance((1,2), collections.abc.Sequence)
True
>>> isinstance('abc', collections.abc.Iterable)
True
>>> isinstance('abc', collections.abc.Sequence)
True

因此，除了通过 isinstance(name_expressions, str) 明确检查之外，没有其他好的方法来执行此检查，这又回到了我上面提到的痛苦。

检查 `name_expressions` 是否可迭代

Check that `name_expressions` is iterable

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