在 python 中使用正则表达式检测特定字符串

Question

我有一个具有以下字符串结构的 csv 文件：

Modem Switch (MMA-213-MML-NW-Match-New Year)(32655)(12532)
Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New Month)(32655)(12532)
Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New1 Month)(32655)(12532)
Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New Month 2)(32655)(12532)
....

我想获取 Match 之后的任何字符串：例如，共享的预期结果如下：

New Year
New Month
New1 Month
New Month 2

使用以下代码无法获取我的相关字符串：

matches = re.findall(r'(Match-)(\w+)', inp, flags=re.I)

Answer 1

这个有效：

import re
inp = "Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New Month)(32655)(12532)"
matches = re.findall(r'Match-(.+?)\)', inp, flags=re.I)

给予

['New Month']

Answer 2

您也可以匹配后面的所有单词字符，中间有空格，并使用单个捕获组。

\bMatch-(\w+(?:[^\S\r\n]+\w+)*)

Regex demo | Python demo

import re
 
regex = r"\bMatch-(\w+(?:[^\S\r\n]+\w+)*)"
 
s = ("Modem Switch (MMA-213-MML-NW-Match-New Year)(32655)(12532)\n"
    "Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New Month)(32655)(12532)\n"
    "Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New1 Month)(32655)(12532)\n"
    "Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New Month 2)(32655)(12532)")
 
print(re.findall(regex, s))

输出

['New Year', 'New Month', 'New1 Month', 'New Month 2']

或者要匹配 Match- 之后的所有括号，您可以使用 negated character class 匹配除 ( 和 )

之外的任何字符

\([^()]*\bMatch-([^()]+)\)

Regex demo

Answer 3

使用

re.findall(r'(?<=Match-)[^()]+', inp, flags=re.I)

见regex proof。

说明

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (?<=                     look behind to see if there is:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Match-                   'Match-'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  )                        end of look-behind
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  [^()]+                   any character except: '(', ')' (1 or more
                           times (matching the most amount possible))

Python code:

import re
inp = """Modem Switch (MMA-213-MML-NW-Match-New Year)(32655)(12532)
Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New Month)(32655)(12532)
Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New1 Month)(32655)(12532)
Modem Switch3 (MMA-1234-431-NW-Match-New Month 2)(32655)(12532)"""
print(re.findall(r'(?<=Match-)[^()]+', inp, flags=re.I))

结果：['New Year', 'New Month', 'New1 Month', 'New Month 2']

在 python 中使用正则表达式检测特定字符串

Detecting a specific string with regex in python

python

regex

python-2.7

python-3.x

python-re