Linux 命令和编译错误中的更多选项

Question

我正在尝试在命令 $ printenv 中添加命令 date 作为选项。例如如果你尝试运行 $ printenv -d 它应该 return 日期输出。

我有来自 link ftp://ftp.ntua.gr/pub/gnu/coreutils/coreutils-8.23.tar.xz 的 src 代码，其中包含 linux 发行版中的所有 coreutils。

我已经更改了src/printenv.c的源代码（这个文件在coreutils.tar文件中）。但是我的下一步是什么？

我不能用gcc printenv.c编译它

Compile error: fatal error: config.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.

我应该制作 makefiles/configs 等并手动安装吗？如何？

我post我修改的代码(printenv.c)

    /* printenv -- print all or part of environment
   Copyright (C) 1989-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */

/* Usage: printenv [variable...]

   If no arguments are given, print the entire environment.
   If one or more variable names are given, print the value of
   each one that is set, and nothing for ones that are not set.

   Exit status:
   0 if all variables specified were found
   1 if not
   2 if some other error occurred

   David MacKenzie and Richard Mlynarik */

#include <config.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <getopt.h>

#include "system.h"

/* Exit status for syntax errors, etc.  */
enum { PRINTENV_FAILURE = 2 };

/* The official name of this program (e.g., no 'g' prefix).  */
#define PROGRAM_NAME "printenv"

#define AUTHORS \
  proper_name ("David MacKenzie"), \
  proper_name ("Richard Mlynarik")

static struct option const longopts[] =
{
  {"null", no_argument, NULL, '0'},
  {"date", required_argument, NULL, 'd'},
  {GETOPT_HELP_OPTION_DECL},
  {GETOPT_VERSION_OPTION_DECL},
  {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
};

/* Forward declarations.  */
static void dateMachine (void);

void
usage (int status)
{
  if (status != EXIT_SUCCESS)
    emit_try_help ();
  else
    {
      printf (_("\
Usage: %s [OPTION]... [VARIABLE]...\n\
Print the values of the specified environment VARIABLE(s).\n\
If no VARIABLE is specified, print name and value pairs for them all.\n\
\n\
"),
              program_name);
      fputs (_("\
  -0, --null     end each output line with NUL, not newline\n\
"), stdout);
      fputs (HELP_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
      fputs (VERSION_OPTION_DESCRIPTION, stdout);
      printf (USAGE_BUILTIN_WARNING, PROGRAM_NAME);
      emit_ancillary_info ();
    }
  exit (status);
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  char **env;
  char *ep, *ap;
  int i;
  bool ok;
  int optc;
  bool opt_nul_terminate_output = false;

  initialize_main (&argc, &argv);
  set_program_name (argv[0]);
  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
  bindtextdomain (PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
  textdomain (PACKAGE);

  initialize_exit_failure (PRINTENV_FAILURE);
  atexit (close_stdout);

  while ((optc = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+iu:0d", longopts, NULL)) != -1)
    {
      switch (optc)
        {
        case '0':
          opt_nul_terminate_output = true;
          break;
        case 'd':
          dateMachine ();
          break;
        case_GETOPT_HELP_CHAR;
        case_GETOPT_VERSION_CHAR (PROGRAM_NAME, AUTHORS);
        default:
          usage (PRINTENV_FAILURE);
        }
    }

  if (optind >= argc)
    {
      for (env = environ; *env != NULL; ++env)
        printf ("%s%c", *env, opt_nul_terminate_output ? '[=12=]' : '\n');
      ok = true;
    }
  else
    {
      int matches = 0;

      for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i)
        {
          bool matched = false;

          /* 'printenv a=b' is silent, even if 'a=b=c' is in environ.  */
          if (strchr (argv[i], '='))
            continue;

          for (env = environ; *env; ++env)
            {
              ep = *env;
              ap = argv[i];
              while (*ep != '[=12=]' && *ap != '[=12=]' && *ep++ == *ap++)
                {
                  if (*ep == '=' && *ap == '[=12=]')
                    {
                      printf ("%s%c", ep + 1,
                              opt_nul_terminate_output ? '[=12=]' : '\n');
                      matched = true;
                      break;
                    }
                }
            }

          matches += matched;
        }

      ok = (matches == argc - optind);
    }

  exit (ok ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
}

static void
dateMachine (void)
{
    system(date);
}

Answer 1

如果您 google "printenv.c" 您会发现该文件的多个版本，您可以编译这些版本，并且运行使用最少的拼写技巧。

示例：“http://www.opensource.apple.com/source/shell_cmds/shell_cmds-170/printenv/printenv.c”

Answer 2

./configure && make（没有 sudo）。它在本地编译每个 .c 程序。由于日期戳，它仅编译已更改的 .c 文件。

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