计算特定 window 内发生的两次之间的持续时间

Question

我正在尝试计算 START_TIME 和 END_TIME 之间的持续时间，它们在 SQL Server 2016 的集合 windows 时间内发生。

我有一组数据如下所示：

| USER| START_TIME       | END_TIME         | DURATION | WINDOW_1_START | WINDOW_1_END | WINDOW_2_START | WINDOW_2_END |
|-----|------------------|------------------|----------|----------------|--------------|-----------------|--------------|
| jim | 2021-01-24 14:00 | 2021-01-24 16:00 | 120      | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        |
| jim | 2021-01-24 16:00 | 2021-01-24 18:00 | 120      | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        | 
| jim | 2021-01-24 18:00 | 2021-01-24 19:30 | 90       | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        |
| jim | 2021-01-24 19:30 | 2021-01-24 22:00 | 150      | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        |

以上输出可以通过以下查询实现：

SELECT USER,
       START_TIME,
       END_TIME,
       DATEDIFF ( minute, START_TIME, END_TIME ) AS DURATION
       CAST ( '17:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_1_START,
       CAST ( '20:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_1_END,
       CAST ( '20:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_2_START,
       CAST ( '22:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_2_END
FROM EVENTS
;

我想计算 WINDOW_1 和 WINDOW_2 内出现的每一行的持续时间。我想要的输出将添加 WINDOW_1_DURATION 和 WINDOW_2_DURATION 列。例如，第二行的 WINDOW_1_DURATION 为 60。

理想情况下，我希望在不使用函数或创建新表的情况下实现这一目标。

编辑：

所需的输出如下所示：

| USER| START_TIME       | END_TIME         | DURATION | WINDOW_1_START | WINDOW_1_END | WINDOW_2_START | WINDOW_2_END | WINDOW_1_DURATION | WINDOW_2_DURATION |
|-----|------------------|------------------|----------|----------------|--------------|-----------------|--------------|---------------------------------------|
| jim | 2021-01-24 14:00 | 2021-01-24 16:00 | 120      | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        | 0                 | 0                 |
| jim | 2021-01-24 16:00 | 2021-01-24 18:00 | 120      | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        | 60                | 0                 |
| jim | 2021-01-24 18:00 | 2021-01-24 19:30 | 90       | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        | 90                | 0                 |
| jim | 2021-01-24 19:30 | 2021-01-24 22:00 | 150      | 17:00          | 20:00        | 20:00           | 22:00        | 30                | 120               |

编辑 2：作为对第 2 行的 WINDOW_1_DURATION 为 60 的示例的解释，这是 16:00 的 START_TIME 和18:00 的 END_TIME 与 17:00 的 WINDOW_1_START 和 20:00 的 WINDOW_1_END 一起出现。

Answer 1

以下查询将提供您想要的输出：（逻辑：首先，我将 CAST start_time 和 end_time 作为开始时间和结束时间列中的时间。然后使用 Case 我试图确定重叠是如何发生的。例如，如果 WINDOW_1_START 小于开始时间并且 WINDOW_1_END 在开始时间和结束时间之间，那么重叠时间在开始时间和 Window_1_End 之间等）

with cte as (
SELECT [USER],
       START_TIME,
       END_TIME,
       DATEDIFF ( minute, START_TIME, END_TIME ) AS DURATION,
       CAST ( '17:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_1_START,
       CAST ( '20:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_1_END,
       CAST ( '20:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_2_START,
       CAST ( '22:00' AS TIME ) AS WINDOW_2_END,
       cast(start_time as time)starttime,
       cast(end_time as time)endtime       
FROM EVENTS)

select * ,
case when (WINDOW_1_START between starttime and endtime and WINDOW_1_end between starttime  and endtime  ) then (datediff(minute,WINDOW_1_START,WINDOW_1_end)) 
when (WINDOW_1_START between starttime and endtime and WINDOW_1_END > endtime)  then (datediff(minute,WINDOW_1_START,endtime)) 
when (WINDOW_1_START<starttime and WINDOW_1_END between starttime and endtime) then (datediff(minute,starttime,WINDOW_1_END))
when (WINDOW_1_START<starttime and WINDOW_1_END >endtime) then (datediff(minute,starttime,endtime)) end WINDOW_1_DURATION,
case when (WINDOW_2_START between starttime and endtime and WINDOW_2_end between starttime  and endtime  ) then (datediff(minute,WINDOW_2_START,WINDOW_2_end)) 
when (WINDOW_2_START between starttime and endtime and WINDOW_2_END > endtime)  then (datediff(minute,WINDOW_2_START,endtime)) 
when (WINDOW_2_START<starttime and WINDOW_2_END between starttime and endtime) then (datediff(minute,starttime,WINDOW_2_END))
when (WINDOW_2_START<starttime and WINDOW_2_END >endtime) then (datediff(minute,starttime,endtime)) end WINDOW_2_DURATION

from cte

输出：

计算特定 window 内发生的两次之间的持续时间

Calculating duration between two times that occur within a specific window

sql

sql-server

sql-server-2016