R - 如何对长数据 ID 中的每 n 行进行平均?

R - How to average every n row within ID with long data?

我有一个长格式的大型数据框,其中包含大约 13k 行。它主要包含数字但也包含一些字符串变量。这是它的外观示例数据。

id <- c(101,101,101,101,101,101,101,101,101,
        102,102,102,102,102,102,
        103,103,103,103,103,103,103,103,103,103,103)
color <- c("red","red","red","red","red","red","red","red","red",
           "blue","blue","blue","blue","blue","blue",
           "green","green","green","green","green","green","green","green","green","green","green")
time <- c(1:9, 1:6, 1:11) 
var1 <- sample(1:3, 26, replace=TRUE)
var2 <- sample(1:3, 26, replace=TRUE)
var3 <- sample(1:3, 26, replace=TRUE)
df <- data.frame(id,color,time,var1,var2,var3)
    id color time var1 var2 var3
1  101   red    1    1    1    3
2  101   red    2    1    3    1
3  101   red    3    1    3    1
4  101   red    4    1    3    3
5  101   red    5    2    2    3
6  101   red    6    1    1    2
7  101   red    7    1    3    1
8  101   red    8    1    2    1
9  101   red    9    1    2    2
10 102  blue    1    1    1    1
11 102  blue    2    1    3    2
12 102  blue    3    1    1    1
13 102  blue    4    3    2    1
14 102  blue    5    1    3    2
15 102  blue    6    2    1    1
16 103 green    1    3    1    3
17 103 green    2    2    3    2
18 103 green    3    2    3    1
19 103 green    4    1    1    3
20 103 green    5    2    3    2
21 103 green    6    3    3    2
22 103 green    7    3    2    3
23 103 green    8    3    1    2
24 103 green    9    3    1    2
25 103 green   10    3    2    1
26 103 green   11    1    2    1

我想让这个时间序列数据帧更平滑,并平均每 n 行(例如每 3 行)- 平均 timevar1var2var3id 内,id 和颜色不受影响。最终结果现在应该有每 3 行原始行 1 行。然而,到目前为止我想到的唯一解决方案是将数据帧列表中的数据帧按 id 拆分,然后对每个新数据帧使用聚合,但这对我的真实数据不切实际并导致颜色变量成为 NA。其他尝试会导致错误,因为我选择的 n 并不总是对行进行干净的平均(例如,当 id 103 总共有 11 行时,试图每 3 行平均一次)。有没有更实用的方案?

我们可以创建一个分组列 gl 以及 'id'、'color' 和 summarise across starts_with 'var'

library(dplyr)
df %>% 
  group_by(id, color, grp = as.integer(gl(n(), 3, n()))) %>% 
  summarise(across(starts_with('var'), mean), .groups = 'drop')