最新的 SFTP python 包和最佳实践

Question

我一直在寻找 SFTP python 包，ftpretty 对我来说很好用： https://pypi.org/project/ftpretty/ 但我想使用更安全的协议。

PySftp 明显有点过时了（编辑：pysftp 好像还是经常用，关于报错请看下面）： https://bitbucket.org/dundeemt/pysftp/src/master/

并在 Win10 上抛出几个错误，PyCharm，Python3.6:

C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py:61: UserWarning: Failed to load HostKeys from C:\Users\bobin\.ssh\known_hosts.  You will need to explicitly load HostKeys (cnopts.hostkeys.load(filename)) or disableHostKey checking (cnopts.hostkeys = None).
  warnings.warn(wmsg, UserWarning)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/bobin/PycharmProjects/classtest/pysftptest.py", line 7, in <module>
    with pysftp.Connection(host=myHostname, username=myUsername, password=myPassword) as sftp:
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py", line 132, in __init__
    self._tconnect['hostkey'] = self._cnopts.get_hostkey(host)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py", line 71, in get_hostkey
    raise SSHException("No hostkey for host %s found." % host)
paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: No hostkey for host s233.goserver.host found.
Exception ignored in: <bound method Connection.__del__ of <pysftp.Connection object at 0x00000235B0695048>>
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py", line 1013, in __del__
    self.close()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py", line 784, in close
    if self._sftp_live:
AttributeError: 'Connection' object has no attribute '_sftp_live'

Process finished with exit code 1

这个话题似乎与我相关，但它已经 12 岁了： SFTP in Python? (platform independent) 而且 paramiko 包也给我抛出错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp_client.py", line 130, in __init__
    server_version = self._send_version()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp.py", line 134, in _send_version
    t, data = self._read_packet()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp.py", line 201, in _read_packet
    x = self._read_all(4)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp.py", line 188, in _read_all
    raise EOFError()
EOFError

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/bobin/PycharmProjects/classtest/paramikotest.py", line 12, in <module>
    sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp_client.py", line 170, in from_transport
    return cls(chan)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\paramiko\sftp_client.py", line 132, in __init__
    raise SSHException("EOF during negotiation")
paramiko.ssh_exception.SSHException: EOF during negotiation

Process finished with exit code 1

到目前为止，我了解到我可能需要一个密钥文件，我可以通过首先连接到我的网站空间来找到它，例如使用档案库： How To Extract SFTP SSH Key From Key Cache in FileZilla FTP Client

我的问题是：如何与我的主机（即 webgo）建立 SFTP 连接：https://www.webgo.de/hilfe/content/76/52/de/was-ist-sftp.html

编辑：不提供 host_key 如下：

import pysftp
cnopts = pysftp.CnOpts()
cnopts.hostkeys = None

myHostname = "host"
myUsername = "user"
myPassword = "pass"


with pysftp.Connection(host=myHostname, username=myUsername, password=myPassword, cnopts=cnopts, port=22) as sftp:
    print("Connection succesfully stablished ... ")
    sftp.put('C:\TEMP\Capture.PNG', preserve_mtime=True)

仍然抛出一个错误，因为我没有提供 host_keys:

C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\pysftp\__init__.py:61: UserWarning: Failed to load HostKeys from C:\Users\bobin\.ssh\known_hosts.  You will need to explicitly load HostKeys (cnopts.hostkeys.load(filename)) or disableHostKey checking (cnopts.hostkeys = None).
  warnings.warn(wmsg, UserWarning)

EDIT2：尝试了 prettyftp 但我的提供商拒绝连接：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/bobin/PycharmProjects/classtest/testftp.py", line 15, in <module>
    f.put('C:\TEMP\Capture.PNG', 'Capture230.PNG')
  File "C:\Users\bobin\PycharmProjects\classtest\venv\lib\site-packages\ftpretty.py", line 119, in put
    self.conn.storbinary('STOR %s' % remote_file, local_file)
  File "C:\Users\bobin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\ftplib.py", line 513, in storbinary
    return self.voidresp()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\ftplib.py", line 249, in voidresp
    resp = self.getresp()
  File "C:\Users\bobin\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\ftplib.py", line 242, in getresp
    raise error_temp(resp)
ftplib.error_temp: 425 Unable to build data connection: Operation not permitted

使用以下代码片段，设置 secure=False 再次起作用：

from ftpretty import ftpretty

# Minimal
f = ftpretty('host','user','pass', port=21, secure=True)
f.put('C:\TEMP\Capture.PNG', 'Capture230.PNG')
f.close()

Answer 1

对于第一个错误，它似乎是 pysftp 中的错误。

你可以看看Connection class here on line 76, and the attribute _sftp_live is defined on line 134, so this is definitely an error occurring at runtime without being validated correctly. I have also been able to find this ，这可能解释了这个问题的原因；如果你想明确修复它，错误中也会提到解决方案。

我仍然会考虑使用 ftpretty。它确实使用 TLS 来确保安全和一个非常安全的包装器，您可以通过将安全参数设置为 True (secure=True) 来简单地启用它 - 默认情况下设置为 False.

最新的 SFTP python 包和最佳实践

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