如何为 python 安装 wordcloud？

Question

我正在尝试使用词云可视化数据。但是，当我使用 pip install wordcloud 时，出现以下错误：

D:\...>pip install wordcloud
Collecting wordcloud
  Using cached wordcloud-1.8.1.tar.gz (220 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.6.1 in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packages (from wordcloud) (1.19.5
)
Requirement already satisfied: pillow in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packages (from wordcloud) (8.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: matplotlib in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packages (from wordcloud) (3.3.3)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.1 in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packages (from matplotlib
->wordcloud) (2.8.1)
Requirement already satisfied: kiwisolver>=1.0.1 in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packages (from matplotlib->w
ordcloud) (1.3.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pyparsing!=2.0.4,!=2.1.2,!=2.1.6,>=2.0.3 in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packa
ges (from matplotlib->wordcloud) (2.4.7)
Requirement already satisfied: cycler>=0.10 in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packages (from matplotlib->wordcl
oud) (0.10.0)
Requirement already satisfied: six in c:\users\ameli\appdata\local\packages\pythonsoftwarefoundation.python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\localcache\local-packages\python39\site-packages (from cycler>=0.10->matplotlib->w
ordcloud) (1.15.0)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for wordcloud, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: wordcloud
    Running setup.py install for wordcloud ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: 'C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\Users\ameli\Ap
pData\Local\Temp\pip-install-i40_agzl\wordcloud_591db346adc745a0a41bcad116c4a453\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-i40_agzl\wordcloud_591db346adc745a0a41bc
ad116c4a453\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:
\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-odcy4xrk\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers 'C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFo
undation.Python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python39\Include\wordcloud'
         cwd: C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-i40_agzl\wordcloud_591db346adc745a0a41bcad116c4a453\
    Complete output (20 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9
    creating build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\color_from_image.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\tokenization.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\wordcloud.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\wordcloud_cli.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\_version.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\__main__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\stopwords -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    copying wordcloud\DroidSansMono.ttf -> build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud
    UPDATING build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud/_version.py
    set build\lib.win-amd64-3.9\wordcloud/_version.py to '1.8.1'
    running build_ext
    building 'wordcloud.query_integral_image' extension
    error: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 is required. Get it with "Build Tools for Visual Studio": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/downloads/
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: 'C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.ar
gv[0] = '"'"'C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-i40_agzl\wordcloud_591db346adc745a0a41bcad116c4a453\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-i40_agzl
\wordcloud_591db346adc745a0a41bcad116c4a453\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'
exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\ameli\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-odcy4xrk\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers 'C:\Users\ameli\AppDat
a\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.9_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python39\Include\wordcloud' Check the logs for full command output.

Answer 1

如评论中所述，从 this link 和运行 .exe 文件下载构建工具解决了问题。

Answer 2

正在为 python

安装 wordcloud

如果不满足以下任何步骤，Wordcloud 安装会抛出错误：

正在安装wordcloud的依赖：matplotlib, pillow, numpy, pandas
正在检查使用的 Python 版本
正在检查操作系统版本
正在检查满足Python版本和使用的操作系统

缺少检查满足 python 版本的 wordcloud 版本和使用的操作系统无助于构建用于安装 wordcloud 的轮子。

wordcloud目前最新版本是1.8.1 安装 wordcloud：

pip install wordcloud==1.8.1

代码针对 Python 2.7、3.4、3.5、3.6 和 3.7 进行了测试。

Answer 3

Wordcloud 不是一个纯粹的 Python 项目，因为它有一些 C 代码。需要为不同的操作系统和 Python 版本构建 C 代码。通常当你运行 pip install wordcloud 时，pip 会尝试为你的 OS 和 Python 找到一个内置包（又名 wheel），但如果找不到，它会下载源代码代码并尝试构建（编译）它。但是这个过程显然需要一个 C 编译器，它不应该在 Python 开发人员的系统中。

我为几种配置构建了包 made them public。您可以直接从那里安装。例如，如果您使用 Windows 和 Python 3.10，运行 pip install https://github.com/sulunemre/word_cloud/releases/download/2/wordcloud-0.post1+gd8241b5-cp310-cp310-win_amd64.whl

如何为 python 安装 wordcloud？

How to install wordcloud for python?

python

pip

word-cloud

正在为 python