flask-sqlalchemy 表之间的关系问题

Question

我正在尝试为可以管理有关其组织的某些设置的管理员构建仪表板。

下面是 2 tables，用户和组织，当有人注册时应该创建用户和组织之间的关系，但在我尝试注册后出现以下错误 (sqlalchemy.exc.IntegrityError: (sqlite3.IntegrityError) NOT NULL 约束失败：user.org_id)

这很有道理，但我不确定如何创建用户和他所属的组织，并同时在用户 table 中添加组织 ID？

还是这个数据库设计有误？

class User(db.Model, UserMixin):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    first_name = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False)
    last_name = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False)
    display_name = db.Column(db.String(40), nullable=False)
    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)
    password = db.Column(db.String(60), nullable=False)
    date_joined = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
    image_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default="default.jpg")
    org_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey("organization.id"), nullable=False)



class Organization(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    domain = db.Column(db.String(20), unique=True, nullable=False)
    date_joined = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
    logo_file = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default="default.jpg")
    sub_type = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default="Demo")
    sub_start_date = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
    sub_end_date = db.Column(db.DateTime, nullable=False, default=datetime.utcnow)
    status = db.Column(db.String(20), nullable=False, default="Active")
    admins = db.relationship("User", backref="admin", lazy=True)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"User('{self.email}')"

    @users.route("/register", methods=["GET", "POST"])
    def register():
        if current_user.is_authenticated:
            return redirect(url_for("main.dashboard"))
        form = RegistrationForm()
        if form.validate_on_submit():
            hashed_password = bcrypt.generate_password_hash(form.password.data).decode(
                "utf-8"
            )
    
            organization = Organization(
                domain=form.email.data.split("@")[1],
            )
            admin = User(
                first_name=form.first_name.data,
                last_name=form.last_name.data,
                display_name=form.first_name.data + " " + form.last_name.data,
                email=form.email.data,
                password=hashed_password,
            )
            db.session.add(organization)
            db.session.add(admin)
            db.session.commit()
            flash("Your account has been created! You are now able to log in", "success")
            return redirect(url_for("users.login"))
        return render_template("users/register.html", title="Register", form=form)

Answer 1

当您在 User.org_id 上将 nullable 设置为 False 时，您需要在首次创建用户时将其分配给 org_id。您应该先创建组织，然后创建用户并分配 org_id 给它。您的代码应该看起来像这样

organization = Organization(
            domain=form.email.data.split("@")[1],
        )
        db.session.add(organization)
        db.session.commit() #Need to create the organization first to obtain the id
        admin = User(
            first_name=form.first_name.data,
            last_name=form.last_name.data,
            display_name=form.first_name.data + " " + form.last_name.data,
            email=form.email.data,
            password=hashed_password,
            org_id=organization.id
        )
        db.session.add(admin)
        db.session.commit()

flask-sqlalchemy 表之间的关系问题

flask-sqlalchemy relationship between tables issue

python

database

database-design

flask

flask-sqlalchemy