菜鸟在字典中有语法错误 (python)

Question

我正在尝试学习 Python 遵循使用 Mosh 编程的教程。

我创建了一个程序，它会启动并问候我，然后让我select 列表中的一个项目。每个列表项都是教程涵盖的“子程序”。所以我的程序中有两个子程序：

一个聊天翻译器，应该 return 文本并通过字典将 :) 和 :( 转换为表情符号
然后还有一个方形计算器。

我面临的问题是我的聊天翻译器在词典中遇到语法错误。这是错误发生的地方，在字典第 2 行的第一个引号处：

C:\Users\smelt\PycharmProjects\HelloWorld\venv\Scripts\python.exe C:/Users/smelt/PycharmProjects/HelloWorld/venv/app.py
  File "C:\Users\smelt\PycharmProjects\HelloWorld\venv\app.py", line 41
    ":(": emoji.emojize(":frowning_face:")
    ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

错误发生的部分代码：

def emoji_converter(message):
    words = message.split(" ")
    emojis = {
        ":)": emoji.emojize(":smiling_face:"),
        ":(": emoji.emojize(":frowning_face:")
    }
    output = ""
    for word in words:
        output += emojis.get(word, word) + " "
    return output

这是我的全部代码：

first_name = "Henrik"
last_name = "Skaaning"
program_on = True
calculator_on = False
emoji_converter_on = False

def greet_user(first_name, last_name):
    # Standard greeting to user
        print(f"""Hi {first_name} {last_name}!
Welcome back!
""")

if program_on:
    while program_on:
        greet_user(first_name, last_name)
        selection = input(f"""This is Training program for Henrik Skaaning.
please enter a number to select a program to run
    1: Emoji converter
    2: Square calculator
enter "quit" to quit program...
selection> """)

        if selection == "1":
            emoji_converter_on = True
            print(f'Emoji converter on')

            while emoji_converter_on:
                import emoji

                def emoji_converter(message):
                    words = message.split(" ")
                    emojis = {
                        ":)": emoji.emojize(":smiling_face:"),
                        ":(": emoji.emojize(":frowning_face:")
                    }
                    output = ""
                    for word in words:
                        output += emojis.get(word, word) + " "
                    return output


                message = input("message> ")
                if message != "help":
                    if message != "quit":
                        print(emoji_converter(message))

                if message == "help":
                    print(f"""This is a simple emoji converter developed by Henrik Skaaning. 
Type a text in the command line with an emoji to return the text and emoji.
Type "help" in the command line to return the help-menu.  
Type "quit" in the command line to quit the application. """)

                if message == "quit":
                    emoji_converter_on = False
                    print(f'Emoji converter shutting off')

        if selection == "2":
            calculator_on = True
            print(f'Square calculator on')

        while calculator_on:

            def square(number):
                return int(number) * int(number)


            number = input("commandline> ")
            if number == "quit":
                program_on = False
                calculator_on = False
                print(f'Executing')
            if number != "quit":
                if number != "help":
                    if number.isnumeric() != True:
                        print(f"Sorry! That isnt a command i understand")
            if number == "help":
                print(f"""This is a simple square calculator developed by Henrik Skaaning. 
Type a number in the command line to return the square of that number
Type "help" in the command line to return the help-menu.  
Type "quit" in the command line to quit the application. """)

            if number.isnumeric():
                result = square(number)
                print(f' The result is {result}')

if program_on == False:
    print(f'Program shut down')

print(f'Done...')

Answer 1

虽然可以在另一个函数中定义一个函数，有时使用闭包会使事情变得更容易，但此代码的主线非常长，其中一个函数在 while 循环中定义。如果将函数分开编写，这段代码会更好、更容易理解。否则，正如您现在所知，可能很难调试。

实际问题是您混淆了 Python dict 和 JSON 的语法。 dict 需要符号/值对，而 JSON 需要字符串/值对。

下面是为您重新组织的程序。该错误未得到纠正。

first_name = "Henrik"
last_name = "Skaaning"
program_on = True
calculator_on = False
emoji_converter_on = False

def emoji_converter(message):
    words = message.split(" ")
    emojis = {
        ":)": emoji.emojize(":smiling_face:"),
        ":(": emoji.emojize(":frowning_face:")
    }
    output = ""
    for word in words:
        output += emojis.get(word, word) + " "
    return output

def greet_user(first_name, last_name):
    # Standard greeting to user
        print(f"""Hi {first_name} {last_name}!
Welcome back!
""")


if program_on:
    while program_on:
        greet_user(first_name, last_name)
        selection = input(f"""This is Training program for Henrik Skaaning.
please enter a number to select a program to run
    1: Emoji converter
    2: Square calculator
enter "quit" to quit program...
selection> """)

        if selection == "1":
            emoji_converter_on = True
            print(f'Emoji converter on')

            while emoji_converter_on:
                import emoji

                message = input("message> ")
                if message != "help":
                    if message != "quit":
                        print(emoji_converter(message))

                if message == "help":
                    print(f"""This is a simple emoji converter developed by Henrik Skaaning.
Type a text in the command line with an emoji to return the text and emoji.
Type "help" in the command line to return the help-menu.
Type "quit" in the command line to quit the application. """)

                if message == "quit":
                    emoji_converter_on = False
                    print(f'Emoji converter shutting off')

        if selection == "2":
            calculator_on = True
            print(f'Square calculator on')

        while calculator_on:

            def square(number):
                return int(number) * int(number)


            number = input("commandline> ")
            if number == "quit":
                program_on = False
                calculator_on = False
                print(f'Executing')
            if number != "quit":
                if number != "help":
                    if number.isnumeric() != True:
                        print(f"Sorry! That isnt a command i understand")
            if number == "help":
                print(f"""This is a simple square calculator developed by Henrik Skaaning.
Type a number in the command line to return the square of that number
Type "help" in the command line to return the help-menu.
Type "quit" in the command line to quit the application. """)

            if number.isnumeric():
                result = square(number)
                print(f' The result is {result}')

if program_on == False:
    print(f'Program shut down')

print(f'Done...')

既然你知道你需要一个符号而不是像“:)”和“:(”这样的字符串，你能自己解决吗？

提示：使用字符串替换而不是 dict。将所有 ":)" 字符串转换为 ":smiling_face:"，将 ":(" 字符串转换为 ":frowning_face:"，例如：

message.replace(":)", ":smiling_face:").replace(":(", ":frowning_face:")

更正后的程序应该明显更短。

Answer 2

您发布的代码不是您运行生成该错误消息的代码。它没有给出语法错误，错误中的行现在位于第 33 行，而不是堆栈跟踪中的第 41 行。

我猜你错过了第一个字典条目后的逗号

emojis = {
    ":)": emoji.emojize(":smiling_face:")
    ":(": emoji.emojize(":frowning_face:")
}

给出你得到的错误。

菜鸟在字典中有语法错误 (python)

Noob with a syntax error in dictionary (python)

python

dictionary

syntax-error

emoji