为什么 Gmail API returns 401 错误？

Question

我向 gmail 发送批量请求后的响应与文档中描述的相同 (https://developers.google.com/gmail/api/guides/handle-errors#exponential-backoff):

  "error": {
    "errors": [
      {
        "domain": "global",
        "reason": "authError",
        "message": "Invalid Credentials",
        "locationType": "header",
        "location": "Authorization",
      }
    ],
    "code": 401,
    "message": "Invalid Credentials"
  }
}

我的请求码是：

creds = None

# The file token.pickle stores the user's access and refresh tokens, and is
# created automatically when the authorization flow completes for the first
# time.

if os.path.exists('token.pickle'):
    with open('token.pickle', 'rb') as token:
        creds = pickle.load(token)

# If there are no (valid) credentials available, let the user log in.

elif not creds or not creds.valid:
    if creds and creds.expired and creds.refresh_token:
        creds.refresh(Request())
    else:
        flow = InstalledAppFlow.from_client_secrets_file('credentials.json', SCOPES)
        creds = flow.run_local_server(port=0)

    # Save the credentials for the next run.
    with open('token.pickle', 'wb') as token:
        pickle.dump(creds, token)


gmailUrl = "https://gmail.googleapis.com/batch/gmail/v1"

request_header = {"Authorization": f"Bearer {creds}", "Host": "www.googleapis.com", "Content-Type": "multipart/mixed; boundary=boundary"}

body = []

for n in message_Ids:
    boundary = "--boundary\n"
    content_type = "Content-Type: application/http\n\n"
    request = f'GET /gmail/v1/users/me/messages/{n}\n'
    requestObj = boundary + content_type + request + "Accept: application/json; charset=UTF-8\n"
    body.append(requestObj)
body.append("--boundary")

body = "\n".join(body)

response = req.post(url=gmailUrl, headers=request_header, data=body, auth=)
pprint(response)
pprint(response.text)

当我设法以某种方式从 gmail 服务器获得响应时，我想我的请求已被接受。但是我不明白为什么会出现 401 错误。如果我将 GET 请求作为单个请求发送，我的应用程序工作正常。

我必须在 "Autorization": f"Bearer {creds}" 行中输入什么？

提前致谢！

Answer 1

正如我在问题下方的评论中所指出的，我的错误是我确实提供了凭证实例，而不是令牌本身。

Answer 2

如 comments 中所述，您在 Authorization header:

中提供了 credentials 的实例

"Authorization": f"Bearer {creds}"

您应该提供凭据“access_token：

"Authorization": f"Bearer {creds.token}"

参考：

google.oauth2.credentials module

为什么 Gmail API returns 401 错误？

Why does the Gmail API returns 401 error?

python

google-api

gmail-api

参考：