DRF-如何使用APIView保存外键数据

Question

各位，我绝对是DjangoRestFramework的初学者。我对处理 DRF 中的关系感到困惑。如何使用 APIView 保存外键数据？

型号

   class User(AbstractUser):
        email = models.EmailField(max_length=255, unique=True)
        is_client = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        is_professional = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        
    
    class Client(models.Model):
            user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='client')
            ##
        
    class Professionals(models.Model):
            user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='professional')
            ##


    class HireProfessional(models.Model):
        client = models.ForeignKey(Client, related_name='user', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
        professional = models.ForeignKey(Professionals, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name="professsional")
        hire_start_date_time = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)

序列化器

    class ProfessionalSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        profilePicture = serializers.ImageField(allow_empty_file=True, use_url='professional/profiles', required=False)
        skill = SkillSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)
        class Meta:
            model = Professionals
            fields = fields = ['first_name', 'last_name', 'profilePicture', 'profession', 'phone_number', 'experience', 'skill', 'charge_fee', 'about_me']


    class ClientSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        class Meta:
            model = Client
            fields = ['user_id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'phone_number', 'profilePicture']

    class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        client = ClientSerializer()
        professional = ProfessionalSerializer()
        class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('email', 'username', 'is_client', 'is_professional', 'client', 'professional')

    




    class HireProfessionalSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        client = ClientSerializer()
        professional = professionalSerializer()

        class Meta:
        model = HireProfessional
        fields = ['id','client', 'professional', 'hire_start_date_time']

观看次数##已编辑

    
class HireProfessionalCreateApp(APIView):
    permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsClientUser,)

    def current_user(self):
        user = self.request.user.client
        return user


    

    def post(self, request, username, format=None):
        try:
            professional = Professionals.objects.get(user__username=username)
            # print('hello', professional.user_id)
            data = request.data
            
            data['client'] = self.current_user()
            data['professional'] = professional.user_id

            serializer = HireProfessionalSerializer(data=data)
            data = {}
            if serializer.is_valid():
                hire = serializer.save()
                hire.save()
                                    
                return JsonResponse ({
                    "message":"professional hired success.",
                    # "remaning_time":remaning_datetime,
                    "success" : True,
                    "result" : serializer.data,
                    "status" : status.HTTP_201_CREATED
                })
            else:
                data = serializer.errors
                print(data)


            return Response(serializer.data)
         except Professionals.DoesNotExist:
            return JsonResponse ({"status":status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND, 'message':'professional does not exists'})

这是一款招聘应用。

客户能够聘请专业人士

客户端=登录用户

professional=通过 URL

传递了 id 或用户名

赞：path('hire-professional/<professional id or username>', views)

有人知道吗？如何解决。

Answer 1

考虑使用 ModelViewSet 而不是 APIView，因为您要直接修改 HireProfessional 模型。此外，该模型对 Client 和 Professional 使用 ForeignKey 字段，您 而不是 需要在 HireProfessionalSerializer 中包含它们各自的序列化程序。

仅实施 ModelViewSet（并使用 router 将其添加到 urls.py）将意味着用户可以 select 客户和专业人士自己，这意味着我们还没有完成。建议在 DRF 中使用 router 而不是手动将所有视图添加到 urls.py。

您可以使用 ModelViewSet 覆盖自动填充序列化程序字段的 perform_create and perform_update 函数。 :

默认创建函数

def perform_create(self, serializer):
       serializer.save()

自动填充示例

def perform_create(self, serializer):
        # client is derived from logged in user
        client = Client.objects.get(user=self.request.user)

        # Autofill FK Client.
        serializer.save(client=client)

现在客户端已自动填充，但专业版还没有。如果你还想自动填充专业人士，你将不得不考虑使用 nested router，因为你想从 URL 中检索 PK(id)。如果你这样做，你的 URL 将看起来像这样：

url='/professionals/{professionals_pk}/hire/'

我希望这能让您知道从哪里开始。如果您有任何问题，请告诉我。

DRF-如何使用APIView保存外键数据

DRF-How to save foreign keys data using APIView

django

foreign-keys

django-rest-framework

型号

序列化器

观看次数##已编辑

DRF-如何使用API​​View保存外键数据

DRF-How to save foreign keys data using APIView

django

foreign-keys

django-rest-framework

型号

序列化器

观看次数##已编辑

DRF-如何使用APIView保存外键数据