有选择地应用 pivot_wider() 函数

Question

背景：我们要求每个参与者识别多种情绪，然后收集每种情绪的数据，这样他们识别出的第一种情绪就有一个列，其次，等等，然后是针对每种情绪的每个后续问题的单独列。在宽格式下，它看起来像这样：

rows <- 1:4
cols <- c("PID", "Stage", "Emo1_", "Emo2_", 
          "Emo1_Intense", "Emo2_Intense", 
          "Emo1_Desc", "Emo2_Desc", "Keyword")
df  <- data.frame(matrix(NA, 
                         nrow = length(rows), 
                         ncol = length(cols), 
                         dimnames = list(rows, cols)))
df$PID <- c("A-001", "A-002", "A-003", "A-004")
df$Stage <- c("Beginning", "End", "Middle", "Middle")
df$Emo1_ <- c("Fear", "Sadness", "Happy", "Anger")
df$Emo2_ <- c("Content", "Depressed", "Lost", "Sad")
df$Emo1_Intense <- 5:8
df$Emo2_Intense <- 1:4
df$Emo1_Desc <- c("E", "F", "G", "H")
df$Emo2_Desc <- c("A", "B", "C", "D")
df$Keyword <- c("Bus", "Ceiling", "Chainsaw", "Floor")

#    PID     Stage   Emo1_     Emo2_ Emo1_Intense Emo2_Intense Emo1_Desc Emo2_Desc  Keyword
#1 A-001 Beginning    Fear   Content            5            1         E         A      Bus
#2 A-002       End Sadness Depressed            6            2         F         B  Ceiling
#3 A-003    Middle   Happy      Lost            7            3         G         C Chainsaw
#4 A-004    Middle   Anger       Sad            8            4         H         D    Floor

问题：我脑袋放屁，不知道如何将此数据框转换为以下格式，其中我们有单列，每个列都捕获：1.)一种情绪被命名为哪个位置，2.) 哪种情绪被命名，3.) 每种情绪的每个后续问题：

rows <- 1:8
cols <- c("PID", "Stage", "Number", "Emo", "Intense", "Desc", "Keyword")
df  <- data.frame(matrix(NA, 
                         nrow = length(rows), 
                         ncol = length(cols), 
                         dimnames = list(rows, cols)))
df$PID <- sort(rep(c("A-001", "A-002", "A-003", "A-004"), 2))
df$Stage <- sort(rep(c("Beginning", "Middle", "Middle", "End"), 2))
df$Number <- rep(1:2, 4)
df$Emo <- c("Fear", "Content", "Sadness", "Depressed", "Happy", "Lost", "Anger", "Sad")
df$Intense <- c(5,1,6,2,7,3,4,8)
df$Desc <- c("E", "A", "F", "B", "G", "C", "H", "D")
df$Keyword <- rep(c("Bus", "Ceiling", "Chainsaw", "Floor"),2)

#    PID     Stage Number       Emo Intense Desc  Keyword
#1 A-001 Beginning      1      Fear       5    E      Bus
#2 A-001 Beginning      2   Content       1    A  Ceiling
#3 A-002       End      1   Sadness       6    F Chainsaw
#4 A-002       End      2 Depressed       2    B    Floor
#5 A-003    Middle      1     Happy       7    G      Bus
#6 A-003    Middle      2      Lost       3    C  Ceiling
#7 A-004    Middle      1     Anger       4    H Chainsaw
#8 A-004    Middle      2       Sad       8    D    Floor

我可以手动执行此操作，但它的数据集比这大得多，而且我知道我已经使用 pivot_longer 一千次来简单地执行此操作；我现在正在努力让它发挥作用。它的列合并要么太保守要么太自由，我很难找到平衡点。

命名约定是任意的。如果以其他方式重新格式化可能会更好，请成为我的客人！

Answer 1

这个解决方案怎么样？

需要更新以“_”结尾的列的名称并对数字列进行一些润色。我相信这可以在一行中完成。

#rename columns that end with _
torename<-grep("(Emo._)$", names(df))
names(df)[torename] <- paste0(names(df)[torename], "Emo")

answer<- pivot_longer(df, cols= starts_with("Emo"), names_to=c( "Number", ".value"),  
                      names_sep = "_", names_repair="unique") 

#clean-up the Number column
answer$Number <- gsub("Emo", "", answer$Number)

answer
# A tibble: 8 × 7
  PID   Stage     Keyword  Number Emo       Intense Desc 
  <chr> <chr>     <chr>    <chr>  <chr>       <int> <chr>
1 A-001 Beginning Bus      1      Fear            5 E    
2 A-001 Beginning Bus      2      Content         1 A    
3 A-002 End       Ceiling  1      Sadness         6 F    
4 A-002 End       Ceiling  2      Depressed       2 B    
5 A-003 Middle    Chainsaw 1      Happy           7 G    
6 A-003 Middle    Chainsaw 2      Lost            3 C    
7 A-004 Middle    Floor    1      Anger           8 H    
8 A-004 Middle    Floor    2      Sad             4 D

有选择地应用 pivot_wider() 函数

Selectively Applying pivot_wider() Function

r

dataframe

dplyr

tidyr