如何通过在两行之间划分特定列中的值并保持其他列不变来在 pandas 数据框中创建新行?

How to create a new row in pandas dataframe by dividing values in a specific column between two rows and keeping other columns intact?

我有一个 pandas 数据框 df 如下所示:

Country Continent   Capital City    Year    Indicator   Value   Unit
0   Nepal   Asia    Kathmandu   2015    Population  3   million
1   Nepal   Asia    Kathmandu   2020    Population  5   million
2   Germany Europe  Berlin  2015    Population  4   million
3   Germany Europe  Berlin  2020    Population  6   million

df.to_dict()如下图:

{'Country': {0: 'Nepal', 1: 'Nepal', 2: 'Germany', 3: 'Germany'},
 'Continent': {0: 'Asia', 1: 'Asia', 2: 'Europe', 3: 'Europe'},
 'Capital City': {0: 'Kathmandu', 1: 'Kathmandu', 2: 'Berlin', 3: 'Berlin'},
 'Year': {0: 2015, 1: 2020, 2: 2015, 3: 2020},
 'Indicator': {0: 'Population',
  1: 'Population',
  2: 'Population',
  3: 'Population'},
 'Value': {0: 3, 1: 5, 2: 4, 3: 6},
 'Unit': {0: 'million', 1: 'million', 2: 'million', 3: 'million'}}

数据框由尼泊尔和德国两国首都分别在 2015 年和 2020 年的人口数据组成。

我想创建两个新行,它们显示 2015 年到 2020 年之间的人口增长率(例如,尼泊尔为 5/3,即 1.67,德国为 6/4,即 1.5)。这些行需要在同一个数据框中。在新行中,Country、Continent 和 Capital City 列对于各自的国家应该保持不变。年份值保持2020,指标名称需为“人口增长率”,单位需为“乘以2015年值”。它应该如下所示:

Country Continent   Capital City    Year    Indicator   Value   Unit
0   Nepal   Asia    Kathmandu   2015    Population  3   million
1   Nepal   Asia    Kathmandu   2020    Population  5   million
2   Germany Europe  Berlin  2015    Population  4   million
3   Germany Europe  Berlin  2020    Population  6   million
4   Nepal   Asia    Kathmandu   2020    Population growth rate  1.666667    times 2015 value
5   Germany Europe  Berlin  2020    Population growth rate  1.5 times 2015 value

如何在原始数据框中附加人口增长率来创建这两个新行?

groupby 然后 append

out = df.groupby(['Country','Continent','Capital City']).agg({'Year':'last','Value':lambda x : x.iloc[-1]/x.iloc[0]}).reset_index()
out['Indicator'] = 'Population growth rate'
df = df.append(out)
df
Out[16]: 
   Country Continent Capital City  ...               Indicator     Value     Unit
0    Nepal      Asia    Kathmandu  ...              Population  3.000000  million
1    Nepal      Asia    Kathmandu  ...              Population  5.000000  million
2  Germany    Europe       Berlin  ...              Population  4.000000  million
3  Germany    Europe       Berlin  ...              Population  6.000000  million
0  Germany    Europe       Berlin  ...  Population growth rate  1.500000      NaN
1    Nepal      Asia    Kathmandu  ...  Population growth rate  1.666667      NaN
[6 rows x 7 columns]