C联合-请解释

C union - please explain

据我所知,C 中的 union 一次只能保存 1 个值,而且我真的不明白 C 中的这段代码有何意义,因为 event.window不能与event.type?

同时填充
while(SDL_PollEvent(&event)) {
switch(event.type)
{
case SDL_WINDOWEVENT:
    switch(event.window.event)

事件定义为:

typedef union SDL_Event
{
    Uint32 type;                    /**< Event type, shared with all events */
    SDL_CommonEvent common;         /**< Common event data */
    SDL_WindowEvent window;         /**< Window event data */
    SDL_KeyboardEvent key;          /**< Keyboard event data */
    SDL_TextEditingEvent edit;      /**< Text editing event data */
    SDL_TextInputEvent text;        /**< Text input event data */
    SDL_MouseMotionEvent motion;    /**< Mouse motion event data */
    SDL_MouseButtonEvent button;    /**< Mouse button event data */
    SDL_MouseWheelEvent wheel;      /**< Mouse wheel event data */
    SDL_JoyAxisEvent jaxis;         /**< Joystick axis event data */
    SDL_JoyBallEvent jball;         /**< Joystick ball event data */
    SDL_JoyHatEvent jhat;           /**< Joystick hat event data */
    SDL_JoyButtonEvent jbutton;     /**< Joystick button event data */
    SDL_JoyDeviceEvent jdevice;     /**< Joystick device change event data */
    SDL_ControllerAxisEvent caxis;      /**< Game Controller axis event data */
    SDL_ControllerButtonEvent cbutton;  /**< Game Controller button event data */
    SDL_ControllerDeviceEvent cdevice;  /**< Game Controller device event data */
    SDL_QuitEvent quit;             /**< Quit request event data */
    SDL_UserEvent user;             /**< Custom event data */
    SDL_SysWMEvent syswm;           /**< System dependent window event data */
    SDL_TouchFingerEvent tfinger;   /**< Touch finger event data */
    SDL_MultiGestureEvent mgesture; /**< Gesture event data */
    SDL_DollarGestureEvent dgesture; /**< Gesture event data */
    SDL_DropEvent drop;             /**< Drag and drop event data */

    /* This is necessary for ABI compatibility between Visual C++ and GCC
       Visual C++ will respect the push pack pragma and use 52 bytes for
       this structure, and GCC will use the alignment of the largest datatype
       within the union, which is 8 bytes.

       So... we'll add padding to force the size to be 56 bytes for both.
    */
    Uint8 padding[56];
} SDL_Event;

union SDL_Event 的每个聚合(struct 可能)成员 SDL_CommonEvent common;SDL_WindowEvent window;SDL_KeyboardEvent key; 等...都以一些 Uint32 字段给出 type 并且那个公共 type 字段在每个联合成员中具有相同的地址和大小。

因此,虽然实际上一个联合在内存中一次只携带一个字段(换句话说,所有联合成员都有相同的地址),但每个成员都以 typeevent.type 开头说得通;它获取 type.

这样的成语是C中实现tagged unions的常用方式。

SDL_Event 联盟的每个成员都以相同的两个成员开始,Uint32 typeUint32 timestamp。 C 标准明确指出,如果联合当前持有一种结构类型的值,但作为另一种结构类型读取,其第一个成员与另一种结构类型匹配,则可以读取那些匹配的成员。

所有其他 SDL_X 类型都以 32 位类型开头。事实上,它们似乎都在开头包括 SDL_CommonEvent 中的字段。这是为了便于访问所有子结构的公共元素。然后,通过 event.common.x 您可以访问所有公共元素,而无需区分事件的确切类型。