在 ASP.NET 5 (vNext) MVC 6 中实现自定义路由器

Question

我正在尝试转换 to work with MVC 6. I have worked out most of it by following the example in the Routing project，但我对如何从该方法 return 异步 Task 感到困惑。我真的不在乎它是否真的是异步的（为任何可以提供该答案的人欢呼），现在我只想让它运行。

我有传出路由功能（意味着 ActionLink 在我输入路由值时工作正常）。问题出在 RouteAsync 方法上。

public Task RouteAsync(RouteContext context)
{
    var requestPath = context.HttpContext.Request.Path.Value;

    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(requestPath) && requestPath[0] == '/')
    {
        // Trim the leading slash
        requestPath = requestPath.Substring(1);
    }

    // Get the page that matches.
    var page = GetPageList()
        .Where(x => x.VirtualPath.Equals(requestPath))
        .FirstOrDefault();

    // If we got back a null value set, that means the URI did not match
    if (page != null)
    {
        var routeData = new RouteData();

        // This doesn't work
        //var routeData = new RouteData(context.RouteData);

        // This doesn't work
        //routeData.Routers.Add(this);

        // This doesn't work
        //routeData.Routers.Add(new MvcRouteHandler());

        // TODO: You might want to use the page object (from the database) to
        // get both the controller and action, and possibly even an area.
        // Alternatively, you could create a route for each table and hard-code
        // this information.
        routeData.Values["controller"] = "CustomPage";
        routeData.Values["action"] = "Details";

        // This will be the primary key of the database row.
        // It might be an integer or a GUID.
        routeData.Values["id"] = page.Id;

        context.RouteData = routeData;

        // When there is a match, the code executes to here
        context.IsHandled = true; 

        // This test works
        //await context.HttpContext.Response.WriteAsync("Hello there");

        // This doesn't work
        //return Task.FromResult(routeData);

        // This doesn't work
        //return Task.FromResult(context);
    }

    // This satisfies the return statement, but 
    // I'm not sure it is the right thing to return.
    return Task.FromResult(0);
}

整个方法一直运行到匹配结束。但是当它完成执行时，它并没有调用 CustomPage 控制器的 Details 方法，正如它应该的那样。我只是在浏览器中看到一个空白的白页。

我添加了 WriteAsync 行，就像在 this post 中所做的那样，它将 Hello there 写入空白页，但我不明白为什么 MVC 不调用我的控制器（在以前的版本中，这可以顺利进行）。不幸的是，post 涵盖了路由的每个部分，除了如何实现 IRouter 或 INamedRouter。

如何使 RouteAsync 方法起作用？

整个 CustomRoute 实现

using Microsoft.AspNet.Routing;
using Microsoft.Framework.Caching.Memory;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

public class PageInfo
{
    // VirtualPath should not have a leading slash
    // example: events/conventions/mycon
    public string VirtualPath { get; set; }
    public int Id { get; set; }
}

public interface ICustomRoute : IRouter
{ }


public class CustomRoute : ICustomRoute
{
    private readonly IMemoryCache cache;
    private object synclock = new object();

    public CustomRoute(IMemoryCache cache)
    {
        this.cache = cache;
    }

    public Task RouteAsync(RouteContext context)
    {
        var requestPath = context.HttpContext.Request.Path.Value;

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(requestPath) && requestPath[0] == '/')
        {
            // Trim the leading slash
            requestPath = requestPath.Substring(1);
        }

        // Get the page that matches.
        var page = GetPageList()
            .Where(x => x.VirtualPath.Equals(requestPath))
            .FirstOrDefault();

        // If we got back a null value set, that means the URI did not match
        if (page != null)
        {
            var routeData = new RouteData();

            // TODO: You might want to use the page object (from the database) to
            // get both the controller and action, and possibly even an area.
            // Alternatively, you could create a route for each table and hard-code
            // this information.
            routeData.Values["controller"] = "CustomPage";
            routeData.Values["action"] = "Details";

            // This will be the primary key of the database row.
            // It might be an integer or a GUID.
            routeData.Values["id"] = page.Id;

            context.RouteData = routeData;
            context.IsHandled = true; 
        }

        return Task.FromResult(0);
    }

    public VirtualPathData GetVirtualPath(VirtualPathContext context)
    {
        VirtualPathData result = null;
        PageInfo page = null;

        // Get all of the pages from the cache.
        var pages = GetPageList();

        if (TryFindMatch(pages, context.Values, out page))
        {
            result = new VirtualPathData(this, page.VirtualPath);
            context.IsBound = true;
        }

        return result;
    }

    private bool TryFindMatch(IEnumerable<PageInfo> pages, IDictionary<string, object> values, out PageInfo page)
    {
        page = null;
        int id;
        object idObj;
        object controller;
        object action;

        if (!values.TryGetValue("id", out idObj))
        {
            return false;
        }

        id = Convert.ToInt32(idObj);
        values.TryGetValue("controller", out controller);
        values.TryGetValue("action", out action);

        // The logic here should be the inverse of the logic in 
        // GetRouteData(). So, we match the same controller, action, and id.
        // If we had additional route values there, we would take them all 
        // into consideration during this step.
        if (action.Equals("Details") && controller.Equals("CustomPage"))
        {
            page = pages
                .Where(x => x.Id.Equals(id))
                .FirstOrDefault();
            if (page != null)
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    private IEnumerable<PageInfo> GetPageList()
    {
        string key = "__CustomPageList";
        IEnumerable<PageInfo> pages;

        // Only allow one thread to poplate the data
        if (!this.cache.TryGetValue(key, out pages))
        {
            lock (synclock)
            {
                if (!this.cache.TryGetValue(key, out pages))
                {
                    // TODO: Retrieve the list of PageInfo objects from the database here.
                    pages = new List<PageInfo>()
                    {
                        new PageInfo() { Id = 1, VirtualPath = "somecategory/somesubcategory/content1" },
                        new PageInfo() { Id = 2, VirtualPath = "somecategory/somesubcategory/content2" },
                        new PageInfo() { Id = 3, VirtualPath = "somecategory/somesubcategory/content3" }
                    };

                    this.cache.Set(key, pages,
                        new MemoryCacheEntryOptions()
                        {
                            Priority = CacheItemPriority.NeverRemove,
                            AbsoluteExpirationRelativeToNow = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(15)
                        });
                }
            }
        }

        return pages;
    }
}

自定义路由 DI 注册

services.AddTransient<ICustomRoute, CustomRoute>();

MVC 路由配置

// Add MVC to the request pipeline.
app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
    routes.Routes.Add(routes.ServiceProvider.GetService<ICustomRoute>());

    routes.MapRoute(
        name: "default",
        template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");

    // Uncomment the following line to add a route for porting Web API 2 controllers.
    // routes.MapWebApiRoute("DefaultApi", "api/{controller}/{id?}");
});

以防万一，我正在使用 Beta 5、DNX 4.5.1 和 DNX Core 5。

Solution

I created a generic solution that can be used for a simple primary key to URL 2-way mapping based on the information I learned here. The controller, action, data provider, and datatype of the primary key can be specified when wiring it into MVC 6 routing.

Answer 1

这不起作用的主要原因是您没有在 RouteAsync 方法中执行任何操作。另一个原因是路由在 MVC 6 中的工作方式与以前的 MVC 路由的工作方式非常不同，因此您最好使用 source code 作为参考从头开始编写它，因为很少有文章介绍 MVC目前 6 个。

编辑：@Daniel J.G。答案比这更有意义，因此请尽可能使用它。这可能适合其他人的用例，所以我把它留在这里。

这是一个使用 beta7 的非常简单的 IRouter 实现。这应该可行，但您可能需要填补空白。您需要删除 page != null 并将其替换为以下代码并替换控制器和操作：

if (page == null)
{
    // Move to next router
    return;
}

// TODO: Replace with correct controller
var controllerType = typeof(HomeController);
// TODO: Replace with correct action
var action = nameof(HomeController.Index);

// This is used to locate the razor view
// Remove the trailing "Controller" string
context.RouteData.Values["Controller"] = controllerType.Name.Substring(0, controllerType.Name.Length - 10);

var actionInvoker = context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IActionInvokerFactory>();

var descriptor = new ControllerActionDescriptor
{
    Name = action,
    MethodInfo = controllerType.GetTypeInfo().DeclaredMethods.Single(m => m.Name == action),
    ControllerTypeInfo = controllerType.GetTypeInfo(),
    // Setup filters
    FilterDescriptors = new List<FilterDescriptor>(),
    // Setup DI properties
    BoundProperties = new List<ParameterDescriptor>(0),
    // Setup action arguments
    Parameters = new List<ParameterDescriptor>(0),
    // Setup route constraints
    RouteConstraints = new List<RouteDataActionConstraint>(0),
    // This router will work fine without these props set
    //ControllerName = "Home",
    //DisplayName = "Home",
};

var accessor = context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IActionContextAccessor>();

accessor.ActionContext = new ActionContext(context.HttpContext, context.RouteData, descriptor);

var actionInvokerFactory = context.HttpContext.RequestServices.GetRequiredService<IActionInvokerFactory>();
var invoker = actionInvokerFactory.CreateInvoker(accessor.ActionContext);

// Render the page
await invoker.InvokeAsync();

// Don't execute the next IRouter
context.IsHandled = true;

return;

确保添加对 Microsoft.Framework.DependencyInjection 命名空间的引用以解析 GetRequiredService 扩展名。

之后，按照以下方式注册IRouter：

app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
    // Run before any default IRouter implementation
    // or use .Add to run after all the default IRouter implementations
    routes.Routes.Insert(0, routes.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<CustomRoute>());

    // .. more code here ...
});

然后只需在您的 IOC 中注册，

services.AddSingleton<CustomRoute>();

另一种 'cleaner' 方法可能是创建 IActionSelector 的不同实现。

Answer 2

正如@opiants 所说，问题是您在 RouteAsync 方法中什么也没做。

如果您打算最终调用控制器操作方法，则可以使用以下方法而不是默认 MVC 路由：

By default MVC uses a TemplateRoute with an inner target IRouter. In RouteAsync, the TemplateRoute will delegate to the inner IRouter. This inner router is being set as the MvcRouteHandler by the default builder extensions. In your case, start by adding an IRouter as your inner target:

public class CustomRoute : ICustomRoute
{
    private readonly IMemoryCache cache;
    private readonly IRouter target;
    private object synclock = new object();

    public CustomRoute(IMemoryCache cache, IRouter target)
    {
        this.cache = cache;
        this.target = target;
    }

然后更新您的启动以将该目标设置为 MvcRouteHandler，它已被设置为 routes.DefaultHandler:

app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
    routes.Routes.Add(
       new CustomRoute(routes.ServiceProvider.GetRequiredService<IMemoryCache>(), 
                       routes.DefaultHandler));

    routes.MapRoute(
        name: "default",
        template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");

    // Uncomment the following line to add a route for porting Web API 2 controllers.
    // routes.MapWebApiRoute("DefaultApi", "api/{controller}/{id?}");
});

最后，更新您的 AsyncRoute 方法以调用内部 IRouter，即 MvcRouteHandler。您可以使用 TemplateRoute 中该方法的实现作为指南。我很快使用了这种方法并修改了你的方法如下：

public async Task RouteAsync(RouteContext context)
{
    var requestPath = context.HttpContext.Request.Path.Value;

    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(requestPath) && requestPath[0] == '/')
    {
        // Trim the leading slash
        requestPath = requestPath.Substring(1);
    }

    // Get the page that matches.
    var page = GetPageList()
        .Where(x => x.VirtualPath.Equals(requestPath))
        .FirstOrDefault();

    // If we got back a null value set, that means the URI did not match
    if (page == null)
    {
        return;
    }


    //Invoke MVC controller/action
    var oldRouteData = context.RouteData;
    var newRouteData = new RouteData(oldRouteData);
    newRouteData.Routers.Add(this.target);

    // TODO: You might want to use the page object (from the database) to
    // get both the controller and action, and possibly even an area.
    // Alternatively, you could create a route for each table and hard-code
    // this information.
    newRouteData.Values["controller"] = "CustomPage";
    newRouteData.Values["action"] = "Details";

    // This will be the primary key of the database row.
    // It might be an integer or a GUID.
    newRouteData.Values["id"] = page.Id;

    try
    {
        context.RouteData = newRouteData;
        await this.target.RouteAsync(context);
    }
    finally
    {
        // Restore the original values to prevent polluting the route data.
        if (!context.IsHandled)
        {
            context.RouteData = oldRouteData;
        }
    }
}

---

更新 RC2

看起来 TemplateRoute 不再出现在 RC2 aspnet 路由中。

我调查了历史，并将其重命名为 RouteBase in commit 36180ab 作为更大重构的一部分。