SHA256 支持整数吗？

Question

在早些时候编码时，我注意到一些关于 SHA256 的东西 st运行ge，因为它似乎为散列生成的整数多于字母。起初我以为我只是在想象它，所以我做了一个快速测试来确定。令人惊讶的是，我的测试似乎证明 SHA256 在它生成的散列中偏爱整数值。我想知道这是为什么。散列索引是字母和数字之间的区别不应该完全相同吗？这是我的测试示例：

namespace TestingApp
{
    static class Program
    {
        private static string letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ1234567890";
        private static char[] characters = letters.ToCharArray();
        private static Random _rng = new Random();

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            int totalIntegers = 0;
            int totalLetters = 0;
            for (int testingIntervals = 0; testingIntervals < 3000; testingIntervals++)
            {
                string randomString = NextString(10);
                string checksum = DreamforceChecksum.GenerateSHA256(randomString);
                int integerCount = checksum.Count(Char.IsDigit);
                int letterCount = checksum.Count(Char.IsLetter);
                Console.WriteLine("String: " + randomString);
                Console.WriteLine("Checksum: " + checksum);
                Console.WriteLine("Integers: " + integerCount);
                Console.WriteLine("Letters: " + letterCount);
                totalIntegers += integerCount;
                totalLetters += letterCount;
            }
            Console.WriteLine("Total Integers: " + totalIntegers);
            Console.WriteLine("Total Letters: " + totalLetters);
            Console.Read();
        }

        private static string NextString(int length)
        {
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
            {
                builder.Append(characters[_rng.Next(characters.Length)]);
            }
            return builder.ToString();
        }
    }
}

和我的 checksum/hashing class:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace DreamforceFramework.Framework.Cryptography
{
    public static class DreamforceChecksum
    {
        private static readonly SHA256Managed _shaManagedInstance = new SHA256Managed();
        private static readonly StringBuilder _checksumBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        public static string GenerateSHA256(string text)
        {
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text);
            byte[] hash = _shaManagedInstance.ComputeHash(bytes);
            _checksumBuilder.Clear();
            for (int index = 0; index < hash.Length; index++)
            {
                _checksumBuilder.Append(hash[index].ToString("x2"));
            }
            return _checksumBuilder.ToString();
        }

        public static byte[] GenerateSHA256Bytes(string text)
        {
            byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(text);
            byte[] hash = _shaManagedInstance.ComputeHash(bytes);
            _checksumBuilder.Clear();
            for (int index = 0; index < hash.Length; index++)
            {
                _checksumBuilder.Append(hash[index].ToString("x2"));
            }
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(_checksumBuilder.ToString());
        }

        public static bool ValidateDataIntegrity(string data, string targetHashcode)
        {
            return GenerateSHA256(data).Equals(targetHashcode);
        }
    }
}

我有多次运行我的测试，每次似乎在散列中生成的整数多于字母。这里有 3 个测试运行：

有谁知道为什么 SHA256 似乎偏爱数字而不是字母和数字的平均分布？

Answer 1

假设有10个数字和6个字母可能，比例应该是10:6。这与您的结果完全一致。

Answer 2

输出为十六进制。 0-9 和 a-f

SHA256 支持整数吗？

Does SHA256 favor integers?

c#

algorithm

hash

sha256